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Nursing170
Review for Nursing I Final (CCBC)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ANA defined nursing as: | protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities,prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, population. |
| Who studied and impemented methods to improve battlefield sanitation during the Crimean War. Aka Mother of Nursing | Florence Nightingale |
| Founder of the American Red Cross | Clara Barton |
| Code of Ethics | Philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use to provide care to your clients. |
| Four concepts of nursing | 1.Person 2.Environment 3.Health 4.Nursing |
| ANA | makes decisions about functions,activites, and goals. |
| NLN | Ensure the public need for nursing will be met |
| NSNA | contribute to nursing education, student ran, works with other RN schools. |
| Beneficence | Doing good for someone or something. |
| Non-maleficence | not harming. |
| Autonomy | Independence and self direction. |
| Justice | Fair and equal distribution. |
| Veracity | Truth telling. |
| Fidelity | Faithfull commitment. |
| Confidentiality | Direct involvment of care, no discussion, consent for release of information. |
| Assault | threat. |
| Battery | Touching. |
| Defamation. | False communication resulting in injury to persons reputation. |
| Liable | Written defemation. |
| Slander | Verbal defemation. |
| Fraud | Purposeful, misrepresentation of self that causes harm. |
| Invasion of privacy | Disclosure of private info. to inapropriate party. |
| False imprisonment | Restraining someone against their will. |
| Nursing Process steps: | Assess.Analyze.Plan.Implement.Evaluate. |
| Critical Thinking: | form conclusions, make decisions, draw inferences, and reflect. Helps nurse fine options to solve problems. |
| Maslow's Hierarchy | a. Physiological b. saftey and security c. love and belongingness d. esteem e. self-actualization f. cognitive a. aesthetic |
| Agent | Internal and external factors leading to disease. |
| Host | Person susceptible to disease. |
| Environment | Factors outside the host. |
| Prevention | Promotion of wellness eg)exercise |
| Primary Prevention | Interventions to decrease risk of disease eg) immunizations |
| Secondary Prevention | Early interventions to stop a disease eg)diabtic insulin. |
| Tertiary Prevention | Long term,chronic,rehab. eg)diabetic,cancer patient |
| Regulation of body temperature | Hypothalamus. |
| Means of heat production: | 1.Metabolism of food 2.exercise 3.thyroid hormone 4.sympathetic nervous system |
| Means of heat loss: | 1.radiatioin 2.convection 3.evaporation 4.conduction |
| Radiation | transfer of heat from surface to surface. |
| Convection | trasnfer of heat by motion of heat or fluid. |
| Evaporation | conversion of liquid to a vapor/gas. |
| Conduction | transfer of heat to object |
| Diaphoresis | Visible persperation primarly occurs on foreheard and upper thorax. |
| Cicadian Rhythm | Predictable temperature fluctuation over 24 hr time period (1-2)degree decrease during 1-4 am and an increase during 4-5 pm. |
| pyrexia | Fever. occurs because heat loss mechanisms are unable to keep pace with the increased heat production, resulting in increased body temperature |
| Conversaion Scale C to F | Multiply by 1.8 and add 32 |
| Coversion Scale F to C | Subtract 32 and divide bt 1.8 |
| Lanoxin | Slows down h/r |
| Atropine | Increase h/r, given during a code |
| Beta B Blockers | Decrease h/r, classification of drugs. must check h/r prior to admin. |
| Diuretics | drug classification eg)Lasiks makes you pee! |
| Tachycardia | increased h/r. greater than 100. |
| Bradycardia | decreased h/r. less than 60. |
| Reception | Stimulation of receptor such as light, touch, or sound. |
| Perception | Intergration and interpretation of stimuli. |
| Reaction | Only the most import stimuli will elict a reaction. |
| Sensory Receptors | a. Reticular activating system (RAS) 2. Nervous pathways to the brain . |
| Five senses | Sight, Hearing, Touch, Smell, Taste. |
| Perception = | A conscious process of selecting,organzing and interpreting sensory input. |
| A healthy balance between stimuli = | Healthy well being. |
| Nervous Pathways to the brain | The alerting system of the perception. |
| Thruput | "experiences" |
| Output | "interprets" as pleasant or unpleasant. |
| Factors affecting perception | environment, prevouis experience, lifestyle habits,illness,medications, social isolation. |
| Lifestyle and habits | eg) fast paced vs. slow paces, noisy vs. quite, impact sense of "sensory overload" |
| Illness | eg)visual defects, fatigue, and parasthesias |
| Meddications | may damage auditory nerve,narcotics decrease awareness |
| social isolation | develops with perceptive alterations. due to age, visual changes, hearing decrease and decrease in sensory cells. |
| ototoxic | perm. damage to the auditory nerve eg) gentamycin. |
| Proprioceptive | changes common after the age of 60,increased difficulty with blance,spatial orientation and coordination. |
| Meaningful stiumuli | reduces the incidence of sensory deprivation. eg)pets,visitors. things that affect people. |
| Sensory deficits | deficit in the normal function of sensory reception and perception. impaited function in sensory reception or perception eg)blindness, deafness, < taste and < smell. |
| Sensory deprivation | inadequate quality or quantity of stimulation.Lessing or lack of meaninful sensory stimuli,montonous sensory input,or interference with info processing. |
| Sensory overload | reception of multiple sensory stimuli. unable to manafe intensity or quantity of incoming sensory stimuli. feel overwhelmed, not in control. |
| altered sensory reception | cord or brain damage, sleep deprivation. |
| Hallucination | sensory impressions with no basis in reality |
| Delusions | beliefs not based in reality and reflect unconscious need or fear |
| Orientation to the environment | address the client by name, place call light w.in reach, use nightlight,reduce clutter. |
| Controlling stimuli | Reduce sensory overload, combine RN activites, control extraneous noise. |
| Restorative and continuing care. Socialization | communication,physical contact,mutual groups. |
| Restorative and continuing care. Promoting self-care | increase self-esteem, and saftey awareness. |
| Aphasia | Can not verbally communicate or gargled speech. |
| Cognitive function | systematic way in whic a person:thinks,reasons,and uses lanquage. |
| Attention | concentration and taking in specific sensory stimuli |
| Awareness | consciousness |
| Memory | capability to recall at least once |
| Learning | capability to store memories |
| Orientation | persons knows his/her location in dimensions of time and place. |
| Factors affecting normal cognitive funtion | adequate blood flow to brain,nutrition and metabolism(brain cells need glucose, vitamins and minerals also essential)fluid and electrolytes < NA cause < glucose, > NA causes > glucose and CA, sleep rest, organization of stiumuli. |
| Denentia | progressive impairment of intellectual funtion and memory, occurs gradually. types: alzheimer's, circulatory impairment, and infectious agents |
| Delusions | fixed false beliefes. |
| Hallucinations | per4ceptions arising from person's own thoughts |
| Sundowners Syndrome | acute confusion after sundown |
Created by:
alexanmercure
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