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My Earthquake Terms

QuestionAnswer
Epicenter Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.
Fault Fracture that occurs when rocks break and that results in relative movement of opposing sides;can form as a result of compression(reverse fault),being pulled apart(normal fault),or shear(strike-slip fault)
Focus Point deep inside earth where energy is released,causing an Earthquake.
Lava Molten rock flowing onto Earth's surface.
Lithosphere Rigid rock layer of Earth about 100km thick, made of the crust and a part of the upper mantle.
Magnitude A measure of the energy released by an earthquake.
Rifts Long crack, fissure, or trough that forms between tectonic plates moving apart at plate boundaries.
Seismic Safe Describes the ability of structures to stand up against the vibrations caused by an earthquake.
Seismic Waves Earthquake waves, Including primary waves, secondary waves, surface waves.
Surface Waves Are the slowest and largest of the seismic waves, and they cause most of the destruction during an earthquake.
Seismograph Instrument used to record seismic waves.
Tsunami Powerful seismic sea wave that begins over an ocean-floor earthquake, can reach 30m in height when approaching land, and can cause destruction in coastal area.
Volcanoes Cone-shaped hill of mountain formed when hot magma,solids,and gas erupt onto earth's surface through a vent.
Pyroclastic Flow Are massive avalanches of hot,glowing rock on a cushion of intensely hot gases.
Richter Scale Describes how much energy an earthquake releases.
Active Fault A fault that is likely to have another earthquake sometime in the future. Faults are commonly considered to be active if they have moved one or more times in the last 10,000 years.
Amplitude The amplitude is the size of the wiggles on an earthquake recording.
Aseismic This term describes a fault on which no earthquakes have been observed.
Arc An arc is a chain of volcanoes (volcanic arc) that sometimes forms on the land when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate and then slides down underneath it.
Body Wave A body wave is a seismic wave that moves through the interior of the earth, as opposed to surface waves that travel near the earth's surface. P and S waves are body waves. Each type of wave shakes the ground in different ways.
Fault Plane The fault plane is the planar (flat) surface along which there is slip during an earthquake.
Created by: muhammadar704
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