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Module 5 Biology

Apologia Biology Module 5

QuestionAnswer
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space
Model An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen
Element A collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons
Molecules Chemicals that result from atoms linking together
chemical formulas Molecules have abbreviations, just like elements.
properties of a molecule are determined by the type and number of atoms that link together, as well as the way that they link together
Physical change A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance
Chemical change A change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance
Phase One of three forms - solid, liquid, or gas - which every substance is capable of attaining
Diffusion The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Osmosis The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration
Semipermeable membrane A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass through
Concentration A measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent
Catalyst A substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process
Organic molecule A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorous
Biosynthesis The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones
Isomers Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
Monosaccharides Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms
Disaccharides Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides
Polysaccharides Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
Dehydration reaction A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water
Hydrolysis Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
Hydrophobic Lacking any affinity to water
Saturated fat A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated fat A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms
Peptide bond A bond that links amino acids together in a protein
Hydrogen bond A strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) in specific molecules
Created by: vorup
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