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ScienceC2

QuestionAnswer
Photosynthesis The process by which plants and some other organisms capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food.
Autotroph An organism that makes its own food.
Heterotroph An organism that cannot make its own food.
Pigment A colored chemical compound that absorbs light.
Chlorophyll A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria.
Stomata Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move.
Respiration The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain.
Fermentation The process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen.
Respiration Equation C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂0 + ENERGY
Photosynthesis Equation 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂0 → (light energy) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
What are the two types of fermentation? Alcoholic and Lactic
→ Yielded by (connects raw materials to products)
Where does the first stage of respiration take place and what happens? Takes place in cytoplasm of the organism's cell's. Molecules of glucose broken down into smaller molecules (oxygen not involved, small amount of energy released).
Where does the second stage of respiration take place and what happens? Takes place in mitochondria. Small glucose molecules broken down into even smaller molecules (requires oxygen and a great deal of energy is released).
Cell Cycle The regular sequence of growth and division that that cells undergo
Interphase The stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs.
Replication The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus.
Mitosis The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed into each daughter cell.
Chromosome A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information.
Cytokinesis The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells.
Cancer A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging parts of the body around them.
Mutation A change in a gene or chromosome.
Tumor A mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably.
Chemotherapy The use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer. "Cocktail"
Created by: elephants97
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