Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
NSEE2
Reproduction and Cell Division
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Two types of reproduction of eukaryotes. Two types of cell division. | Asexual and sexual reproduction. Mitosis or meiosis. |
| Reproduction of prokaryotes. | Binary fission. |
| Process in which cells divide to produce two daughter cells with the same genomic complement as the parent cells. | Mitosis |
| Process that produces male and female gametes, cells with a single copy of the genome in prep for sexual reproduction. | Meiosis |
| Mechanism used by bacteria to move genes between cells by exchanging circular, extrachromosomal DNA. | Conjugation |
| First 3 stages of the cell cycle (give stages and overall term). | Interphase: G1 (intense growth and activity, organelles produced). S (synthesis of DNA). G2 (cell prepares for mitosis). |
| Two identical sister sections ____ held together at a central region called the _____ (after replication). | Chromatids and centromere. |
| Ends of the chromosomes. | Telomeres. |
| 4th stage of cell cycle and 2 processes and 4 stages of first process. | Stage M (Mitosis and Cytokinesis). Mitosis = prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. |
| Keeps chromosomes from tangling during cell division. | Packaged into chromatin during interphase, but still extended, so condensed and separated in prophase. |
| The center of the microtubule formation | Centriole. |
| Specialized systme of microtubules that spans between the centrioles during mitosis. | Spindle apparatus. |
| What dissolves during prophase? | Nuclear membrane |
| What do the spindle fibers attach themselves to each chromosome with, and where, and when? | Kinetochore, which attaches to the centromere, last stage of prophase, setting the stage for metaphase. |
| What happens during the second stage of mitosis? | In Metaphase, the two centrioles are at opposite poles and theen the kinetochore fibers align the chromosomes halfway between the two ends. |
| What happens during the 3rd stage of mitosis? | In Anaphase, the two sister chromatids are pulled apart so one copy of each chromosome can go to each sister cell. |
| What happens during the 4th stage of mitosis? | In Telophase the sister separated chromatids are at opposite ends of the cell and are each surrounded by a nuclear membrane. The chromosomes now uncoil, spread-out like in interphase. |
| What is the second part of Stage M? | Cytokinesis = The cytoplasm and organelles divided as the plasma membrane pinches inward and two daughter cells are formed. |
| Cells involved in sexual reproduction (2 terms). Form what (2 terms)? | Haploid cells (gametes) produce diploid offspring (called zygote when one cell). |
| Specialized organs that produce gametes. Name male and female and their gametes. | Gonads. Testes make spermatozoa. Ovaries produce ova. |
| Cell that is committed to the production of gametes, but not a gamete. | Germ cell |
| Non gamete related cells. | Somatic cells. |
| When do diploid germ cells become haploid? | During spermatogenesis and oogenesis, diploid cell replicates its genome, divides into two cells, and then these two cells (after recombination of chromosomes) each divide without DNA replication into 4 haploid. |
| Location and role of male gonads. | Testes in scrotum produce both sperm and male hormones. |
| Where are sperm developed and what supports them? | Developed in seminiferous tubules of testes and supported by Sertoli cells. |
| What makes testosterone? | Leydig cells |
| What carries sperm to the urethra and what happens to it along the way? | The vas deferens carries the sperm and the prostate gland and seminal vesicles add nutrient secretions. |
| Term for steroid hormones that induce secondary sexual characteristics. | Androgens. |
| Male diploid cells and haploid cells and final phase. | Primary spermatocytes continuously undergo meiosis to form spermatids that mature into sperm. |
| Sac at the tip of the sperm full of enzymes for reaching egg. | Acrosome. |
| How does oogenesis differ from spermatogenesis? | Discontinuous process with ova progressing through meiotic prophase 1 during childhood. Only the ova that mature during each menstrual cycle complete the first meiotic cell division. |
| What smaller cell is produced during oogenesis? | Polar body. |
| When is oogenesis completed? | After fertilization. |
| What path do ovum take during oogenesis. | Ovum in ovaries mature one each month in a follicle that supports development and secrete hormones. The ovum is ejected into the upper end of the oviduct/fallopian tube. |
| Female sex hormone. | Estrogen. |
Created by:
741879016
Popular Biology sets