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Personality Chpt 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| learning | change of behavior as a function of experience |
| behaviorism | the only valid way to know about somebody is to watch what they do |
| functional analysis | maps out exactly how behavior is a function of one's environmental situation |
| empiricism | the idea that all knowledge comes from experience |
| associationism | any two things, including ideas, become mentally associated as one if they are repeatedly experienced close together in time and space |
| hedonism | people learn to seek pleasure and avoid pain |
| habituation | the simplest way a behavior changes as a result of experience |
| classical conditioning | ivan pavlov, mostly with animals, salivate to bell not food |
| learned helplessness | feeling of anxiety due to unpredictability |
| respondant conditioning | the CR is essentially passive with no impact of its own |
| operant conditioning | learn to operate on its world in such a way as to change it to animal's advantage |
| reinforcement | the behavior become more likely |
| punishment | averse consequence that follows an act in order to stop it and prevent its repetition |
| how to punish | availablity of alternatives, behavioral and situational specificity, timing and consistency, conditioning secondary punishing stimuli, avoiding mixed messages |
| dangers of punishment | arousing emotion, hard to be consistent, hard to gage severity of punishment, misuse of power, motivates concealment |
| habit hierarchy | behavior most likely to perform is at top and least is at bottom |
| drive | state of tension that feels good when the tension is reduced |
| primary drives | food, water, comfort, avoidance of pain |
| secondary drive | positive drives for love, money, prestige, power |
| frustration-aggression hypothesis | the natural, biological reaction of any person to being blocked from a goal |
| approach-avoidance conflict | conflict between desires and fear and the way it can change over time |
| expectancy value theory | behavioral decisions are determined not just by the prescence or size of reinforcement but by the beliefs of likely behavior |
| expectency | an individuals belief about how likely it seems that the behavior will attain its goal |
| efficacy expectations | belief that one can accomplish something but also one's interpretation of reality matters more than reality itself |
| self-efficacy | what a person is capable of doing |
| self concept | afffects your efficacy expectation in this domain |
| observational learning | learning a behavior vicariously by seeing someone else do it |
| reciprocal determinism | how people shape their environments |
Created by:
stophammertime1290
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