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GMS Ch. 8 - DeM

DeMarco - Ch. 8 Earthquakes and Volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
movement of the ground that occurs when rocks inside Earth pass their elastic limit, break suddenly, and experience elastic rebound earthquake
fracture that occurs when rocks break and that results in relative movement of opposing sides; can form as a result of compression (reverse fault), being pulled apart (normal fault), or shear (strike-slip fault) fault
earthquake waves, including primary waves, secondary waves, and surface waves seismic wave
point deep inside Earth where energy is released, causing an earthquake focus
point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus epicenter
instrument used to record seismic waves seismograph
a measure of the energy released by an earthquake magnitude
powerful seismic sea wave that begins over an ocean-floor earthquake, can reach 30 m in height when approaching land, and can cause destruction in coastal areas tsunami
describes the ability of structures to stand up against the vibrations caused by an earthquake seismic safe
cone-shaped hill or mountain formed when hot magma, solids, and gas erupt onto Earth's surface through a vent volcano
molten rock flowing onto Earth's surface lava
large, broad volcano with gently sloping sides that is formed by the buildup of basaltic layers shield volcano
relatively small volcano formed by moderate to explosive eruptions of tephra cinder cone volcano
steep-sided volcano formed from alternating layers of violent eruptions of tephra and quieter eruptions of lava composite volcano
long crack, fissure, or trough that forms between tectonic plates moving apart at plate boundaries rift
hot, molten rock material that has been forced upward from deep inside Earth, which may cause magma to break through Earth's mantle and crust and may form volcanoes hot spot
Created by: emdemarco
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