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Ancient Greece 12
Rozina Gjergji
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an area of land nearly surrounded by water | peninsula |
| a long poem that tells a story | epic |
| a high,rocky hill on or near which early people built cities | acropolis |
| a city with it's own traditions and its own government and laws;both a city and a separate independent state | city-state |
| a member of a rich and powerful family | aristocrat |
| a ruler who takes power with the support of the middle and working classes; not necessarily cruel and violent | tyrant |
| as form of government in which citizens govern themselves | democracy |
| a payment made by less powerful state or nation to a more powerful one | tribute |
| someone or something that lives forever | immortal |
| someone who uses reason to understand the world;in Greece, the earliest philosophers used reason to explain natural event | philosopher |
| a type of serious drama that ends in disaster for the main character | tragedy |
| a public market and meeting place in an ancient Greek city | agora |
| the capital city of Greece | Athens |
| a widespread disease | plague |
| the cutting off an area by enemy forces that closes it to travel and trade | blockade |
| a person who belongs to a group that another group considers to be savage or uncivilized | barbarian |
| a murder for political reasons | assassinate |
| describing Greek culture after the death of Alexander the Great,including the three main kingdoms formed by the breakup of Alexander's empire | Hellenistic |
| king of Macedonia; seized power in 359b.c.;conquered the Greek city states father of Alexander the Great | King Philip |
| an ancient kingdom on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe, the site of the present-day nation of Macedonia, northern Greece, and southwest Bulgaria | Macedonia |
| king of Macedonia(356-323b.c); conquered Persia and Egypt and invaded India;spread Hellenism | Alexander the great |
| ancient Hellenistic city in Egypt | Alexandria |
| an epic poem attributed to Homer, describing Odysseus's adventures in his ten-year attempt to return home to Ithaca after the Trojan War. | odyssey |
| an ancient city in northwestern Anatolia the Asian part of Turkey the site of the mythical Trojan war | Troy |
| Also called Mycenaean Greek . the earliest recorded Greek dialect, written in the Linear B syllabary and dating from the 15th through the 13th centuries b.c. | Mycenaean |
| a peninsula forming the S part of Greece: seat of the early Mycenaean civilization and the powerful city-states of Argos, Sparta, etc. 986,912; 8356 sq. mi. (21,640 sq. km). | Peloponnesian |
| Athenian philosopher of later 400b.c taught through questioning helped from many values of Western culture was put to death for challenging Athenian values | Socrates |
| a vertical row or list | column |
| an arm of the Mediterranean Sea between Greece and Turkey. | Aegean Sea |
| a galley with three rows or tiers of oars on each side, one above another, used chiefly as a warship. | Trireme |
| pertaining to Mount Olympus, in Greece. | Olympics |
| Ochus ), died 404 b.c., king of Persia 424–404 (son of Artaxerxes I). | Darius |
| Athenian leader played a major role in the development of democracy and the Athenian empire | Pericles |
| the spreading of atmospheric constituents or properties by turbulent motion as well as molecular motion of the air. | Diffusion |
| an arm of the Mediterranean between Italy and the Balkan Peninsula. | Adriatic Sea |
| Greek philosopher who was a student of Plato and became a famous teacher wrote about and taught logic politics science and poetry his works became basis for medieval church scholarship | Aristotle |
| an ancient city-state in Greece | Sparta |
| a city in the Attic Peninsula where the Greeks defeated the Persians in 490b.c | Marathon |
| 427–347 b.c., Greek philosopher | Plato |
| a literary work such as a play that tells a story and is written to be performed by actors | drama |
| a dialect of ancient Greek spoken on Rhodes and other islands of the Dodecanese, in Crete, in Syracuse, and in all of the Peloponnesus except Arcadia. | Doric |
| a country reigned over by a king, prince, or other monarch | Monarchy |
| Mount, a mountain in NE Greece, on the boundary between Thessaly and Macedonia: mythical abode of the greater Grecian gods. 9730 ft. (2966 m). | Mt. Olympus |
| the supreme deity of the ancient Greeks, a son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, and Poseidon, and father of a number of gods, demigods, and mortals; the god of the heavens, identified by the Romans with Jupiter. | Zeus |
| an island off the SE coast of Greece, W of Athens, in the Gulf of Aegina: Greeks defeated Persians in a naval battle 480 b.c. 20,000; 39 sq. mi. (101 sq. km). | Salamis |
| Classical Mythology . a king of Mycenae, a son of Atreus and brother of Menelaus. He led the Greeks in the Trojan War and was murdered by Clytemnestra, his wife, upon his return from Troy. | Agamemnon |
| a Hebrew unit of capacity equal to ten baths in liquid measure or ten ephahs in dry measure. | Homer |
| an oval or round building with tiers of seats around a central open area, as those used in ancient Rome for gladiatorial contests. | Amphitheater |
| Sea of, a part of the S Aegean Sea lying between the Cyclades Islands and Crete. | crete |
| the greatest Greek warrior in the Trojan War and hero of Homer's Iliad. He killed Hector and was killed when Paris wounded him in the heel, his one vulnerable spot, with an arrow. | achilles |
| a pass in E Greece, between the cliffs of Mt. Oeta and the Gulf of Lamia: Persian defeat of the Spartans 480 b.c. | Thermopylae |
| of or pertaining to the ancient civilization of the island of Crete, dating from about 3000 to 1100 b.c. | Minoans |
| of or pertaining to ancient Troy or its inhabitants. | Trojans |
| a form of government in which citizens govern themselves | democracy |
| an epic poem attributed to Homer, describing Odysseus's adventures in his ten-year attempt to return home to Ithaca after the Trojan War. | odyssey |
| a Greek epic poem describing the siege of Troy, ascribed to Homer. | Iliad |
| Greco-Roman mathematician; known for the Elements, a book on geometry | Euclid |
| king of Persia who reigned 486-465 B.C.E., Gk. Xerxes , from O.Pers. Xayaran, lit. "male (i.e. 'hero') among kings," from Xaya- "king" (cf. shah) + aran "male, man." The Heb. rendition was Ahashwerosh, Ahashresh. | Xerxes |
| it's a type of column that has nice decorating at the top | Corinthian |
| the large sea that separates Europe ans Africa | Mediterranean Sea |
| Physiology . the conversion of absorbed food into the substance of the body. | assimilation |
| died 480 bc , king of Sparta (?490--480), hero of the Battle of Thermopylae, in which he was killed by the Persians under Xerxes | Leonidas |
| 1870–75; < Hindi siris, siras; cf. Skt śirīṣa | Sirisa |
| the ancient Greek chthonian goddess of agriculture and the protector of marriage and the social order, identified by the Romans with Ceres. She presided over the Eleusinian mysteries. | Demeter |
| the ancient Greek queen of heaven, a daughter of Cronus and Rhea and the wife and sister of Zeus. | Hera |
| the part of the Mediterranean Sea between SE Italy, E Sicily, and Greece | Ionian Sea |
| an unreasonable fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers or of that which is foreign or strange | Xenophobia |
| The ancient people of the Mediterranean had such faith in Pythia's view of the future that no major decision was made without consulting the Oracle of Delphi first | Oracle at Delphi |
| the temple of Athena Parthenos on the Acropolis at Athens, completed c438 b.c. by Ictinus and Callicrates and decorated by Phidias: regarded as the finest Doric temple. | Parthenon |
| nearness in place, time, order, occurrence, or relation. | proximity |
| c582–c500 b.c., Greek philosopher, mathematician, and religious reformer. | Pythagoras |
| Greek scholar who headed the library at Alexandria; wrote works on many subjects and was a noted astronomer | Eratosthenes |
| the ancient Greek god of fire, metalworking, and handicrafts, identified by the Romans with Vulcan. | Hephaestus |
| the ancient Greek and Roman god of light, healing, music, poetry, prophecy, and manly beauty; the son of Leto and brother of Artemis. | Apollo |
| a ruined city on N central Crete; capital of the ancient Minoan civilization. | Knossos |
| Athenian statesman; made Athens more democratic | Solon |
| the ancient Greek goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Venus. | Aphrodite |
| the ancient Greek god of the sea, with the power to cause earthquakes, identified by the Romans with Neptune. | Poseidon |
| the government or rule of a tyrant or absolute ruler. | Tyranny |
| of or pertaining to the branch of the Greek people named from Ion, their legendary founder. | Ionian |
| a vast ancient empire of Southwest Asia; the historical name for region in and around present - day Iran | Persia |
| lso, Heracles. Also called Alcides. Classical Mythology . a celebrated hero, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, possessing exceptional strength: among his many adventures were the twelve labors for his cousin Eurystheus, performed in order to gain immortality. | Hercules |
| ?527--?460 bc , Athenian statesman, who was responsible for the Athenian victory against the Persians at Salamis (480). He was ostracized in 470 | Themistocles |
| ?496--406 bc , Greek dramatist; author of seven extant tragedies: Ajax, Antigone, Oedipus Rex, Trachiniae, Electra, Philoctetes , and Oedipus at Colonus | Sophocles |
| he ancient Greek goddess of victory. | Nike |
| the Greek god of wine, fruitfulness, and vegetation, worshipped in orgiastic rites. He was also known as the bestower of ecstasy and god of the drama, and identified with Bacchus | Dionyseus |
| Also called Cynthia. an ancient Greek goddess, the daughter of Leto and the sister of Apollo, characterized as a virgin huntress and associated with the moon. Compare Diana. | Artemis |
| the ancient Greek herald and messenger of the gods and the god of roads, commerce, invention, cunning, and theft. Compare Mercury. | Hermes |
| (in ancient Greece) a group of heavily armed infantry formed in ranks and files close and deep, with shields joined and long spears overlapping. | phalanx |
| ?460--?377 bc , Greek physician, commonly regarded as the father of medicine | Hippocrates |
| a heavily armed foot soldier of ancient Greece | hoplite |
| the Agora, the chief marketplace of Athens, center of the city's civic life. | Agora |
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