Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics and Chromos
Based on BIO150 Chapter 14 & 15 Powerpoint
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define "True-Breeding" | Genetically pure indivisual |
| Define "Hybrid" | Not genetically pure |
| Define "Phenotype" | What an indivisual looks like |
| Define "Genotype" | THe genetic makeup of an indivisual |
| Define "Allele" | An alternate form of a gene |
| What type of Alleles exist? | Dominant and Recessive |
| Define "Incomplete Dominance" | Dominant trait that is not completely dominant |
| Usually the blendin of traits (ex.snapdragon flowers) is a result of... | Incomplete dominance |
| Define "Codominance" | Sometimes two dominant traits exist together |
| Give and example of codominance | Human blood types |
| What does it mean to have "multiple alleles"? | That there can be more than two alleles |
| What is an example trait of an indivisual with multiple alleles? | a coat of colors in some animals |
| Define "Pleiotropy" | A single gene that can affect many phenotypes |
| Define "Epistasis" | When genes affect other genes |
| Give an example of epistasis. | The coat color in Labrador retrievers |
| Define "Polygenic Inheritance" | When many different genes afftect a single traight |
| Give an example of polygenic inheritance. | Human height and skin color |
| Name the Recessive Genetic disease; Causes severe brain degeneration in newborns due to a crucial enzyme not working-death usually occurs by age 5 | Tay-Sachs Disease |
| Name the Recessive Genetic disease; Causes a lack of skin/hair pigmentation | Albinism |
| Name the Recessive Genetic disease; It is the most common lethal genetic disease, chloride transport channels are defective-resulting in thick mucus buildup | Cystic Fibrosis |
| Name the Recessive Genetic disease; It results in a RBC deformity | Sickle cell disease |
| Name the Dominant Genetic disease; It is a form of dwarfism | Achondroplasia |
| Name the Dominant Genetic disease; It is a degenerative nervous system disease | Huntington's Disease |
| Define Karyotype | describes the number of chromosomes and what they look like under a light microscope. |
| Genes are carried on... | Chromosomes |
| Define "Law of Segregation" | The two alleles for each gene seperate during gamete formation |
| Define "Law of Independent assortment" | Alleles of nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently during gamete formation |
| What is the scientific name for the common fruit fly? | Drosophila melanogaster (in italics) |
| "Wild type" is another way to designate what type of trait? | Dominant |
| "Mutant Type" is another way to designate what type of trait? | Recessive |
| What human gender has XX chromosomes? | Females |
| What human gender has XY chromosomes? | Males |
| Which chromosome is larger and contains more DNA, X or Y? | X |
| What organisms use the X-Y system? | Humans (heterozygous males) |
| What organisms use the X-O system? | Nonsocial insects (double being female and single being male) |
| What organisms use the Z-W system? | Birds (heterozygous females) |
| What organisms use the Haplo-diploid system? | Social Insects (female 2n, Males n) |
| What are "sex linked genes"? | Also known as X linked genes, they are genes found on the X chromosome |
| What are examples of sex linked isseues that effect males? | red-green color blindness, Muscular Dystrophy and a form of hemophilia |
| What is a "Barr Body"? | the random inactivation of one of the X chromosmes in females |
| When do chromosomes NOT assort independently? | |
| What are "linked genes"? | genes on the same chromosome that unusally end up being inherited together |
| What is a "Genetic Disease"? | A disease that results from failure of the chromosomes to properly organize during meiosis |
| What is "non disjunction"? | When the chromosomes fail to seperate during Anaphase II |
| What is "Trisomy 21"? | When someone has three copies of chromosome #21-results in down syndrome |
| What is "Klinefelter syndrome"? | XXY, genetically male, mental retardation and sterile |
| What is "Turners Syndrome"? | XO, the only visable monosomy known in humans, genetically female, mentally retarded and sterile |
| What happens to a person with XXX or XXY? | It doesnt seem to have any detrimental effects |
| What are the types of chromosomal alterations? | Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, and Reciprocal Translocation |
| In what occurance would crossing over be bad? | With nonhomolous chromosomes |
Created by:
100000386817304
Popular Biology sets