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ch 4 science
science ch 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the basic form of heredity; indicates the traits or characteristics found or displayed by an individual | genes |
| includes an individual's traits that are passed down from parents | heredity |
| condensed DNA; each has several genes | chromosomes |
| genetic material that is passed down form parents to offspring | DNA |
| a pair of chromosomes, may have alleles | homolog |
| the two different copies of the same gene | alleles |
| where the genes are found on the chromosome | loci |
| the genotype has two dominant alleles; shown in the phenotype when only one dominant copy is present | homozygous dominant alleles |
| the genotype has two recessive alleles | homozygous recessive alleles |
| a genotype that has one dominant and one recessive allele | heterozygous allele |
| the names of genes that you cannot see; inherited form family | genotype |
| an outward visible characteristic that genes are responsible for | phenotype |
| used to determine the possible genotype of the resulting phenotype | punnet square |
| the father of genetics | Gregor Mendel |
| What our bodies use to fight off a virus? | Antibodies |
| We inherit traits | characteristics |
| simple outward characteristics, what you can see clearly | qualitative |
| traits that you cannot see very clearly | quantitive |
| Mendelian characteristics were ___________ traits | qualitative |
| have half as many chromosomes as the parent cell | gamete |
| cell division with 1 replication of chromosomes but with 2 divisions of cell producing gametes | meiosis |
| determines the phenotype even when only one copy is present | dominant gene |
| two copies must be present to be seen as the phenotype | recessive gene |
| produced by meiosis; egg/sperm reproductive cells; 1/2 the number of chromosomes | gametes |
| body cell division; daughter cell have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell | mitosis |
| combining of egg and sperm to produce offspring | fertilization |
| pair of chromosomes | homolog |
| produced from mitosis and the cells contain all chromosomes | diploid |
| produced from meiosis and the cells contain 1/2 chromosomes | haploid |