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Bacteria - Micro1
Clinical Symptoms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| N. meningitidis | meningococcemia w/ petechial rash (endotoxin); meningitis; Waterhouse-Friiderichsen syndrome (adrenal insufficiency due to hemorrhage/necrosis w/ shock, DIC) |
| L. monocytogenes | neonatal meningitis & sepsis |
| M. tuberculosis | TB primary (walled off caseus granulomas in lower lung) or secondary (caseus granulomas w/ cavitations in apex via reactivation); Potts disease (vertebral body); pericarditis |
| M. bovis | GI TB |
| M. leprae | lepromatous (saddle-nose, leonine facies, infertility, loss eyebrows) --> testes, face, limbs; tuberculoid (1/2 hypopigmented & hairless lesions, thickened nerves) |
| K. pneumoniae | pneumonia (rt upper lobe); UTI (no bacteria to compete & UT block) |
| L. pneumophila | Pontiac fever (fever, muscle aches, NO pneumonia); Legionnaires (atypical pneumonia, headache, GI problems, fever, chills) |
| P. aeruginosa | Pneumonia (CF patients); UTI (hospital pts); Septicemia; Endocarditis; Malignant external otitis; Osteomyelitis; burn wound infections; folliculitis (hot tubs) |
| H. influenza | AEMOP: septic Arthritis, epiglottitis, meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia; cellulitis |
| B. pertussis | Whooping cough: catarrhal (flu-like); paroxysmal (cough on expiration w/ whooping inspiration); recorvery (coughing subsides) |
| C. diphtheria | Pseudomembrane (gray fibrinous exudate) w/ airway obstruction & pharyngitis; myocarditis or polyneuritis (via toxin) |
| M. pneumoniae | Tracheobronchitis; atypical pneumonia ("walking"); anemia & arthritis (B cells generate Abs autoreact with erythrocytes, brain, heart --> IgM cold agglutinins) |
| C. psittaci | Atypical pneumonia & endocarditis |
| C. pneumoniae | Atypical pneumonia (community-acquired) |
| C. trachomatis | D-K: urethritis, cervicitis, PID, neonatal conjunctivitis (--> blindness)/pneumonia; A-C: trachoma (chronic conjunctivitis); L1-L3: lymphogranuloma venereum (painless ulcer --> buboes); also Reiter's & Fit-Hugh-Curtis |
| B. cereus | emetic (ST, rice) & diarrheal (LT, meats/veggies/sauce) |
| B. anthracis | Cutaneous: (painless, black eschar); GI: dysentery; Pulm: Woolsorter's disease, dyspnea, nonproductive cough, stridor |
| N. gonorrhea | Urethritis, dysuria& epididymitis (men), cervicitis & PID (women), ophthalmia neonatorum (purulent conjunctivitis), septic arthritis, painful defecation; Fitz-Hugh-Curtis; increased risk of ectopic pregnancy |
| T. pallidum | (1) painless CHANCRE; (2) CONDYLOMA LATA, maculopap rash [palms/soles], meningitis, arthritis; (3) GUMMAS, aortitis, tabes dorsalis, meningitis, Argyll Robertson pupil; (congenital) CN VIII deafness, saber shins, saddle nose, Hutchinson's incisors) |
| B. burgdorferi | (1) erythema chronicum migrans; (2) Bell's palsy, aseptic meningitis, peripheral neuropathy, AV nodal block, arthritis; (3) chronic arthritis, acrodermatitis chronicum atrophicans (skin atrophy) |
| B. recurrentis | EPIDEMIC relapsing fever (5 days febriel, 8 afebrile) |
| B. hermsii | ENDEMIC relapsing fever (5 days febriel, 8 afebrile) |
| Leptospire interrogans | (1) flu-like, photophobia w/ conjunctival reddening; (2) rise in anti-leptospira IgM --> leptospirosis (aseptic meningitis) or Weil's disease (vasculitis, renal failure w/ azotemia, jaundice) |
| Y. pestis | Black plague (cutaneous black hemorrhage necrosis) --> gangrene; regional lymphadenitis (buboes); DIC (endotoxin) |
| Francisella tularensis | Tularemia (oculoglandular, pulmonary, typhoidal, or ulceroglandular [black base]) = infection + lymphadenopathy |
| Brucella spp. | undulating fever (fever @ day, down @ night) --> hepatic lesions, arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis |
| R. prowazekii | EPIDEMIC typhus (rash on Trunk --> spreads outward minus hands/feet/face); vasulitis; headache; Brill-Zinsser (if untreated, may recur mildly) |
| R. typhi | ENDEMIC typhus |
| R. tsutsugamushi | SCRUB typhus |
| R. rickettsii | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (maculopapular rash on hands/feet --> spread centrally; vasculitis; headache; renal damage) |
| R. akari | Rickettsial Pox (vesicles all over body --> chickenpox equivalent); black eschar @ site (mimics B. anthracis) |
| Coxiella burnetii | Q fever (atypical pneumonia) --> hepatitis & endocarditis (potentially) |
| H. ducreyi | chancroid/soft chancre; ulcers on genitalia; regional lymphadenopathy |
| Gardnerella vaginalis | vaginosis; fishy smell (gray discharge) |
| Candida albicans | YEAST INFECTION - vaginal itch, thick & white discharge, dysuria |
| T. vaginalis | disharge, itching, increase in pH |
| Ehrlichia chaffeensis (HME) | Ehrlichia |
| Anaplasma phagocytophilum (HGE) | Ehrlichia |
| Bartonella quintana | Trench fever (~5 days); bacillary angiomatosis; endocarditis |
| Bartonella bacilliformis | Carrions' disease: Oroya fever (hemolytic anemia) & Verruga pervana (vaso-proliferative) |
| Bartonella henselae | Cat-Scratch fever (inflammation & bacillary angiomatosis) |
| S. aureus (infections) | Pneumonia w/ cavitations; impetigo, cellulitis, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles; endocarditis (Tricuspid --> IV druggies); meningitis; osteomyelitis; septic arthritis |
| S. aureus (toxin) | TSS (desquamation palms/soles, acute fever, hypotensive shock); Scalded skin syndrome (skin sloughs off --> hypovolemia); food poisoning (gastroenteritis 8-24hrs) |
| S. epidermidis | Endocarditis (prosthetic valve); Osteomyelitis (prosthetic joint); UTI (Foley catheter); sepsis (IV line); can contaminte blood culture |
| S. saprophyticus | UTI; cystitis (bladder infection) |
| S. pneumoniae | Lobar pneumonia (rt middle & lt lower); otitis media & sinusitis; meningitis; sepsis |
| S. pyogenes (immune) | Glomerulonephritis (hematuria, periorbital edema, HTN) & RF of MV (migratory polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, SQ nodules, sydenhams chorea, carditis) --> from pharyngitis UNTREATED |
| S. pyogenes (infections) | Pharyngitis (--> glomerulonephritis, RF);skin infections (impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis |
| S. pyogenes (toxin) | Scarlet fever (strawberry tongue, sandpaper rash on trunk, desquamation palms/soles); TSS (fever); necrotizing fasciitis (necrosis along fascial planes) |
| S. agalactiae (GBS) | neonatal meningitis/pneumonia/sepsis |
| E. faecalis | Subacute endocarditis (previously damaged GAS valves); UTI; biliary tract infection |
| S. bovis | Subacute endocarditis (aortic valve) |
| S. viridans | Dental caries (s. mutans); brain/liver abscesses (s. intermedius); subacute endocarditis (via flossing) |
| Shigella dysenteriae | dysentery; HUS |
| Salmonella typhi | typhoid fever (rose spots on abd, fever, diarrhea); asymptomatic carriers (typhoid mary); osteomyelitis (sickle-cell pts) |
| Salmonella enteritidis | gastroenteritis |
| ETEC | traveler's diarrhea |
| EHEC/STEC | hemorrhagic colitis; HUS |
| EPEC | pediatric diarrhea |
| EIEC | dysentery (w/ PMNs) |
| E. coli (others) | UTI (pyelonephritis, cystitis); pneumonia; meningitis; sepsis |
| Y. enterocolitica | Bloody diarrhea; mesenteric adenitis (mimics appendicitis); septicemia (RARELY) |
| Proteus mirabilis | UTI; struvite stones; nosomial infections |
| H. pylori | Acute gastritis: antral (duodenal ulcers --> decreased somatostatin) or pangastritis (gastric ulcers --> acid hyposecretion); ulcers appear "punched out" |
| V. cholera | "rice water" diarrhea --> hypovolemia/shock |
| V. parahaemolytica | acute watery diarrhea --> can turn bloody |
| C. jejuni | watery, ill-smelling diarrhea --> bloody stools |
| C. botulinum | Adult (diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia, descending paralysis, ptosis); Infant (floppy baby, constipation |
| C. tetani | Spastic paralysis; lockjaw --> risus sardonicus |
| C. difficile | Pseudomembrane; watery diarrhea |
| C. perfringens | Cellulitis; Gas gangrene (black exudate); food poisoning |
| B. fragilis | Peritonitis; pelvic abscesses |
Created by:
lamsonma
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