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MiCROBIO EX.22

Streptococcus Species Identification

QuestionAnswer
Streptococcus are Gram positive or negative? Gram-positive
How many groups/ 20
Which groups are implicated in human infections? A B C D
One that not in a group? Streptococcus pneumoniae (aka Pneumococcus)
What infections does Streptococcus pneumoniae cause? Ear infections, pneumonia, meningitis.
beta-hemolytic Group A, B, C
Alpha or Gamma hemolytic Group D
Streptococcus pyogenes beta-hemolytic
Hemolysis? The lysis of red blood cells.
Beta hemolysis complete breakdown of red blood cells. Clear zone around them. RBCs have been completed broken down.
Alpha hemolysis incomplete breakdown of RBCs. brownish-green zone around the growth. RBCs have been incompletely broken down. RBCs leak their contents into the medium causing discoloration.
Gamma hemolysis RBCs are not broken down. Has growth. but no color change of the medium.
Bile esculin hydrolysis is used to test what? Group D (Alpha and Gamma) Streptococcus. because they are bile tolerant.
What does Bile Esculin Azide agar do? The sodium azide inhibits Gram-negative enteris while the bile inhibits Gram-positive organisms except the group D Streptococcus species.
What does Ferric citrate do? interact with acid resulting from esculin hydrolysis. medium turns dark brown
How to read result for Bile Esculin Hydrolysis Darkening of medium -> positive. (Org has hydrolyzes esculin in the presence of bile). No color change in the medium -> Negative (Org could not tolerate bile and therefore could not hydrolyze esculin.
What is the purpose of 6.5% NaCl? To differentiate Enterococcus from Streptococcus. Streptococcus cant stand high concentration of salt.
How to read result for NaCl? Sediment -> positive for growth No sediment -> negative for growth.
Why use blood agar plate? isolation and cultivation of many types of fastidious bacteria, best known for helping with Streptococcus species.
Why use Bile Esculin? identification of group D Streptococcus and Enterococcus.
NaCl? used to differentiate between Enterococcus and Streptococcus.
While bile esculin azide is selective and differential? Bile: inhibit Gram possitive except Group D Streptococcus Species. Azide: Inhibit Gram negative Esculin: use to see if organism can hydrolyze esculin. Acid result from esculin will interact with Fe to make dark brown color of medium.
Created by: pipi1402
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