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Mitochondria
| Mitochondria harvest chemical energy from food |
| Mitochondria (singulare, mitochondrion) are organelles that convert energy from one chemical form to another. |
| They carry out cellular respiration, in which the chemical energy of foods such as sugars is converted to the chemical energy of a molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosate). |
| The ATP is the main energy for cellular work |
| The structure of the mitochondrion suits its function. |
| You can see in the figure that the mitochondrion, like the chloroplast, is enclosed by two membrane. However, the mitochondrion has only two compartments. |
| The intermembrane space forms one fluid-filled compartment, containing a fluid called the mitochondrial matrix. |
| Many of the chemical reactions of cellular respiration occur in the matrix. |
| The inner membrane is highly folded, and enzyme molecules that make ATP are embedded in it. |
| The folds, called cristae (singular, crista) increase the membrane’s surface area, enhancing the mitochondrion’s ability to produce ATP. |
| Cellular respiration is a process that converts the chemical energy of sugar and other molecule to chemical energy in the form of ATP. |