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Geology Ch 9 terms

QuestionAnswer
aerosols (p.274) very tiny liquid drops or solid particles that can remain suspended in the air
blocks (p.271) chunks of preexisting igneous rock torn from the walls of the vent
bombs (p.271) form when large lava blobs enter the air in a molten state and then solidify
caldera (p.275) a big circular depression with steep walls and a fairly flat floor
cinder cone (p.275) cone shaped piles of tephra
columnar jointing (p. 269) lava flows that contract and fractured into hexagonal columns
crater (p.275) a circular depression at the top of the mound
dormant volcanoes (p.291) volcanoes that have not erupted for 10,000 years
effusive eruption (p.276) these erruptions produce mainly lava flows, low
explosive (pyroclastic) eruptions (p.276) produce cloud and avalanches of pyroclastic
extinct volcanoes (p. 291) volcanoes that were active in the past, but are completely shut off and will never erupt again
fissure (p. 275) a vertical crack conduit
flood basalt (p.286) low viscosity sheets that spread out in sheets over vast areas.
Rhyolitic lava flow the most viscous of all lavas because it is the most silicic and the coolest.
Describe 3 different kinds of material that can erupt from a volcanoes? Products of an eruption come in 3 forms: lava flows, pyroclastic debris, and gas
Basaltic(mafic) lava flows has very low viscosity when it first emerges from a volcano because it contains relatively little silica, and is hot.
Describe the differences between a pyroclastic flow and a lahar?
Andesitic lava flows has a greater viscosity and a higher silica and cannot flow as easy as basaltic
a’a’ (p.269) a lava flow with a rubbery surface
active volcanoes (p.291) volcanoes that are erupting, erupted recently, or are erupting soon
Created by: r2hudson
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