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Rush Medsurg #2

Rush Med-Surg Exam 2

QuestionAnswer
What are the 3 types of diabetes tests? Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and random glucose test.
How is diabetes Dxed when using FBG test? Plasma glucose > 126.
How is diabetes Dx'd when using OGTT test? > 200 mg, with glucose load of 75.
How is diabetes Dx's when using the random test? Plasma glucose > 200 AND symptoms of diabetes.
Is it okay to Dx diabetes after one test? No--dx must be confirmed on a subsequent day by one of the 3 methods.
What is IGT? Impaired glucose tolerance. An intermediate stage between normal and diabetes.
What is IFG? Impaired fasting glucose. An intermediate stage between normal and diabetes.
What is the FBG range for IFG? > 110, < 126
What is the FBG range for IGT? OGTT between 140 and 200.
What is the ideal A1C goal for diabetics? 7% or less.
What is the name of rapid acting insulins? Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog)
What is the onset of rapid insulin? 15 minutes.
What is the peak of rapid insulin? 60-90 minutes
What is duration of rapid insulin? 3-4 hours
What is onset of regular insulin? Half to 1 hour
What is peak of regular insulin 2-3 hours
What is duration of regular insulin? 4-6 hours
What is onset of intermediate insulin? 2 hours
What is peak of intermediate insulin? 6-8 hours
What is duration of intermediate insulin? 12-16 hours
What is onset of long-acting (ultralente) insulin? 2 hours
What is the duration of long-acting insulin? 24 + hours
What is the peak of long-acting insulin? 16-20 hours
What is the onset of Lantus (insulin glargine)? 1-2 hours
What is the peak of Lantus (insulin glargine)? No peak
What is the duration of Lantus (insulin glargine)? 24 + hours
What is the Somogyi effect? Hyperglycemia is apparent in the am, so pt may increase the insulin. However, it is caused by hypoglycemia at night, and lipolysis, gluconeogenesis cause rebound hyperglycemia and ketosis
What is the dawn phenomenon? Hyperglycemia in the am due to release of GH or cortisol released in early am.
What is treatment for Somogyi effect? Less insulin.
What is treatment for dawn effect? More insulin.
What is a normal FBG? < 110
What is a normal OGTT? < 140
WHat is diabetic FBG? > 126
What is diabetic OGTT? > 200
What is prediabetic FBG? > 110, < 126
What is prediabetic OGTT? >140, < 200
What tissues need insulin in order to absorb glucose? Skeletal muscle, adipose
Created by: rushstudent
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