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Energy for Life 3.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| metabolism | the total of all chemcial reactions in an organism |
| enzymes | protein that allow chemical reactions in cells to happen |
| do enzynmes change? | no |
| can enzymes be reused? | yes |
| how do enzymes change large molecules? name 2 steps. | they attach to the large molecule it will help change. the enzyme causes the larger molecule to break down into 2 smaller molecules. |
| organism | anything that is living |
| what are the 2 groups of organisms, based on hol they get thier food? | producers - plants; consumers - do not make thier own food |
| photosynthesis | the process by which producers use light energy to make sugars which can be used as food. sunlight energy is changed into chemical energy |
| what is the green pigmant in a producer? | Chlorophyl |
| where is the ngreen pigment in a producer found? | chloroplast |
| what is the function of the green pigment in a producer? | to capture sunlight |
| what does photosynthesis begin with? what raw materiels? | CO2 and H2O |
| what is CO2? | carbon dioxide |
| what is H2O? | water |
| what is propduced by 6 molecules of carbon dioxide + 6 molecules water + light energy? | 1 molecules sugar + 6 molecules oxygen |
| what is C6H12O6? | molecules of sugar (carbohydrate) |
| what is 6O2? | 6 molecules of oxygen. |
| what is extra sugar stored as in a plant? | starch |
| what do plants use carbohydrates as? | food - to grow, maintain, reproduce |
| how is photsynthesis involved in things you eat? | indirectly and directly |
| respiration | a series of checmical reactions in producers and consumers that break down food molecules into simpler substances and release thier stored energy. |
| name 2 things your body uses the engergy produced by respiration for? | for your muscles and other body cells for thermal (heat) energy |
| what is the type of food most easily broken down by cells? | carbohydrates |
| where does the respiration of carbohydrates begin? | in the cytoplasm |
| what is the carbohydrate broken down into in the cytoplasm? | glucose molecules and then into 2 simplier molecules |
| where arte these 2 simplier molecules broken down again? | in the mitochondria |
| what does this process (respiration) of breaking down carbohydrates and then glucose use and produce? | uses oxygen releases energy produces CO2 and H2O as waste |
| fermentation | a process by which oxygen-lacking cells and some one-celled organisms release small amounts of energy from glucose molecules |
| what is produced as waste by fermentation? | alcohol, CO2, and Lactic Acid |
| where does fermentation occur? | occurs in cytoplasm, but does not move to the mitochondria |
| Name 4 foods or other things that bacteria can make through fermentation and the production of lactic acid. | yogurt, some cheese, solid milk, food flavors |
| name a one-celled organism that uses fermentation to break down the sugar in dough | yeast |
| what waste does yeast produce in the fermneation of sugar in dough? | CO2, alcohol |
| respiration uses......... | sugars and oxygen |
| respiration produces........... | CO2 and H2O |
| photosynthesis uses.......... | CO2 and H2O |
| photosynthesis produces........... | sugars and oxygen |
Created by:
1999gamble
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