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Ch 7 Cells
Chapter 7.1, 7.2, and 7.4 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell | Basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms |
| Cell theory | Fundamental idea of biology developed in the 1800’s from the work of several scientists. The theory includes 3 basic ideas 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living |
| Plasma membrane | Thin, flexible boundary that surrounds the cell and helps control what enters and exits the cell |
| Organelle | Specialized structures within the cell that carry out specific cell functions |
| Eukaryotic cell | Cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles |
| Nucleus | Central organelle found in all eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material |
| Prokaryotic cell | Cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles |
| Selective permeability | Property of the plasma membrane that allows some substances to pass through and keeps other substances out. |
| Phospholipid bilayer | Two layers of phospholipids arranged tail-to-tail; makes up plasma membrane |
| Fluid mosaic model | The concept that all the components that make up the plasma membrane can move sideways within the membrane and are in constant motion |
| Transport protein | Component of plasma membrane that contributes to the selective permeability by allowing substances to move in and out of the cell |
| Diffusion | Net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Dynamic equilibrium | Continuous movement of particles but with no overall change of water or solute concentrations. |
| Facilitated diffusion | Form of passive diffusion that uses transport proteins to move substances across the plasma membrane |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic solution | Solution that has the same solute concentration as the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| Hypotonic solution | A solution that has a lower solute concentration than the cell. |
| Hypertonic solution | A solution that has a higher solute concentration than the cell |
| Active transport | The movement of substances across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient that required energy |
| Endocytosis | Process by which a cell surrounds a substance in the outside environment |
| Exocytosis | Secretion of materials from the cell; requires energy. |
Created by:
KimNixon
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