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Ch 2 vocab words
Chemistry: An Introduction (Timberlake) Chapter 2 Vocabulary Words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Boiling | the formation of bubbles of gas throughout the liquid |
| Boiling Point | The temperature at which a liquid changes to gas (boils) and gas changes to liquid (condenses) |
| Caloric Value | The kilocalories obtained per gram of food types: carbohydrate, fat and protein |
| Calorie (cal) | The amount of heat energy that raises the temperature of 1 g of water exactly 1 °C |
| Change of state | The transformation of one state of mater into another; ex: liquid to solid |
| Condensation | The change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| Cooling Curve | A diagram that illustrates temperature changes and changes of state for a substance as heat is removed |
| Energy | The ability to do work |
| Evaporation | The formation of a gas (vapor) by the escape of higher energy molecules from the surface of a liquid |
| Freezing | The change of state from a liquid to a solid |
| Freezing point (fp) | The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid (freezes), a solid changes to a liquid (melts) |
| Gas | A state of matter characterized by no definite shape of volume, particles in a gas move rapidly |
| Heat | The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance |
| Heat of Fusion | The energy required to melt exactly 1 g of a substance at its melting point, for water: 80 cals are needed to melt 1 g of ice, 80 cal are released when 1 g of water freezes |
| Heat of Vaporization | The energy require to vaporize 1 g of substance at its boiling point. For water, 540 calories are needed to vaporize exactly 1 g of liquid; 1 g of steam gives of 540 cal when it condenses |
| Heating Curve | A diagram that shows the temperature changes and changes of state of a substance as it is heated |
| Joule (J) | The SI unit of heat energy. 4.184 J = 1 cal |
| Kilocalorie (kcal) | An amount of energy equal to 1000 calories |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of moving particles |
| Liquid | A state of matter that takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and occupies space |
| Melting | The change of state from a solid to a liquid |
| Melting Point (mp) | The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid (melts). It is the same temperature as the freezing point |
| Potential Energy | An inactive type of energy that is stored for future use |
| Solid | A state of matter that has its own shape and volume |
| Specific Heat | A quantity of heat that changes the temperature of exactly 1 g of a substance by exactly 1 °C |
| Sublimation | The change of state in which a solid is transformed directly into a gas without forming a liquid first |
| Work | An activity that requires energy |
Created by:
kallenpoole
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