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Mr. S Bio II

Auburn Chapter 13

QuestionAnswer
1. Which of the following genetically engineered organisms converts starch into simple sugar? alpha-amylase
2. What is the central dogma of biology? DNA-Transcription-RNA-Translation-Protein
3. ____________________ are naturally occuring enzymes found in bacteria and other organisms used to slice DNA. retriction enzymes
4. How many restriction enzymes have been found? over 600
5. _______________________ are used as molecular scissors to cut DNA in a precise and predictable manner. Restriction enzymes
6. DNA fingerprinting has been used in criminal investigations because DNA analysis is believed to allow investigators to distinguish body cells of different individuals, who are unlikely to have the same DNA
7. The first mamal to be cloned was a sheep named _____________ Dolly
8. Selective breeding is passing on desired characteristics to the next generation
9. What process is used to separate DNA fragments? gel electrophoresis
10. Why do breeders induce or cause mutations? to create genetic variability
11. This is the substance that makes the gel used in gel electrophoresis. agarose
12. Restriction enzymes are specific in their identification of base sequences
13. Plasmids are circular pieces of bacterial DNA
14. This is the crossing of unlike individuals to get the best of both organisms hybridization
15. Recombinant DNA is formed by joining DNA molecules from two different sources
16. This is the crossing of similar organisms to maintain desired characteristics inbreeding
17. The use of genetic engineering to transfer human genes into bacteria allows the bacteria to produce human proteins
18. What types of evidence can be used for DNA fingerprinting? (select all that apply) saliva, hair follicles, semen, blood, and skin
19. What methods do breeders use to cause mutations (select all that apply) chemicals, radiation
20. The FDA is running out of insulin for diabetics. Draw the process that they must go through to make more insulin. Be sure to give directions for each step. (15 pts)
21. There has been a break-in at Casey’s and you have to solve the crime. First, tell me what source of DNA the criminal left behind. Next, tell me the 4 steps of the DNA fingerprinting process youmust take to sove the crime. (10 points) DNA-Blood, hair follicle, semen, saliva, skin 1. Amplify the sample using PCR. 2. Add restriction enzymes. 3. Run Gel electrophoresis. 4. Compare banding patterns.
22. Scientists attach dye to nitrogenous bases so that they can study DNA sequences. True
23. Polyploidy has been more successful in plants than animals. True
24. Gel electrophoresis is a process that allows you to make thousands or millions of copies of a gene. False
25. Smaller particles move slower during gel electrophoresis. False
26. Alternating current electricity must be used during gel elctrophoresis. False
27. During cell transformation, a cell undergoes meiosis. False
Created by: ddoglio
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