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earthquakes
chapter 5 earthquake notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| stress | a force that acts on an area of rock to change its shape or volume |
| tension | streches rock and pulls on the crust. |
| compression | pushes rock together |
| shearing | can cause masses of rock to slip |
| normal faults | has tension in Earths crust pulls rock apart |
| hanging wall | the block of rock that lies abouve |
| footwall | a rock that lies below |
| reverse fault | has the same strucsure as a normal fault,but the blocks move in the opposite direction |
| strike-slip fault | the rocks on either side of the fault slip past eachother sideways with little up or down motion |
| surface waves | move more slowley than P waves and S waves |
| P waves | when the crust vibrates forward and back along the path of the wave |
| S waves | when the crust vibrates from side to side and up and down |
| mercalli scale | was devoloped to rate earthquakes according to their intetensity or strength at a place |
| magnitude | a number that geologist assign to an earthquake based on the its size |
| ritcher scale | assigns a magnitude number to an earthquake based on the seismic wave size |
| siesmograoh | an instroment that recordes and measures siesmic waves |
| moment magnitude scale | a rating system that estimates the total energy realeased by an earthquake |
| earthquake | the shaking that results from the sudden movment of rock along a fault |
| focus | the area beneath earths surface where rock that is under stress breaks making an earthquake. |
| epicenter | the focus directly above the point on the surface. |
Created by:
alikat
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