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World Geo unit 1
Folding, Faulting, Volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mountains by Folding | -Fold mountains are actually formed by crust which have been uplifted and folded (buckled or bent) by compressional forces. -This occurs along convergent plate boundaries where 2 plates move towards each other. |
| Syncline | Valley creating by folding (on bottom) |
| Anticline | Peak created by folding (on top) |
| Mountains by Faulting | -Generally caused by tensional Forces -Land moves apart at Faults. -Hanging Wall drops below the Foot Wall. -This is called a NORMAL FAULT -Fault lines are cracks in the crust. |
| Rift Valleys | -Sometimes form when many layers of the Earth's crust are moved vertically downward. -Between two parallel fault lines. -Occurs when the broken plate between 2 parallel faults drop as the broken plates move away from each other |
| Fault Block Mountains | -Sometimes form when many layers of the Earth's crust are moved vertically upward. -Generally between two parallel fault lines. -Vertical force is caused by the earth's internal pressure. |
| Reverse Faults | -Caused By Compressional Forces (push) -Land moves together at Fault. -Footwall plate is forced under or below the hanging wall. |
| Overthrust Fault | -Caused By Compressional Forces -Foot wall plate is forced under the hanging wall. -Plates may have undergone considerable folding prior to overthrusting |
| What are the 3 types of volcanoes? | -Ash and cinder cone -Shield cone -Composite cone |
| Ash & Cinder Cones | -Cone shaped -Symmetrical -Steepest of the three -Violent eruption -Layers of ash and cinder -Single central vent -Crater at Summit |
| Shield Cones | -Shield shaped -Flat, Shallow sides -Non-Violent slow emissions of lava -Layers of lava -No one single vent -Covers Large area |
| Composite Cones | -Second steepest -Non-Violent slow emissions of lava one time and violent ash eruptions next time -Layers of alternating lava & Ash/cinder -Weak sections may form in the side of the cone. -Lava flows out of these forming smaller cones |
| Pacific Ring of Fire | -Volcanoes occur all around the Pacific ocean. -At the tectonic plate boundaries. -Pattern known as the Pacific Ring of Fire |
Created by:
sarahroberts.xo
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