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WM Biology Chapter 7

Voacb Words from Chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
Cell Basic unit of all living organisms; all living things are composed of cells.
Cell theory The theory that(1)all organisms are composed of one or more cells,(2)the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms, (3) all the cells come from pre-existing cells.
Compound light microscope Instrument that uses light and series of lenses to maginify objects in steps; can maginify an object up to 1500 times to its orginal size.
Electron microscope Instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structres up to 500,000 times actaul size; Allows scientists to view structures within a cell.
Eukaryote Unicellar or muticellar organisms, such as yeast, plants, and animals, composed of eukaryotic cells, which contain a true nucelus and membrane-bound organells.
Nucleus Positivley charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positivley charged protons, and surronded by negativley charged electrons
Organelle A specialized part of a cell having some specific function; a cell organ.
Prokaryote Any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane, no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes.
Fluid mosaic model A model that describes the structure of cell membranes.
Phospholipid Fatty compounds composed of a polar head and a non-polar tails, and occurring in living cells.
Plasma membrane Flexible boundary between the cell and its environment; allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave.
Selective permeability Feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell, while keeping others out.
Transport proteins Proteins that span the plasma membrane, creating selectively permeable membrane that regulates which molecules enter and leave a cell.
Cell wall Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists; provides support and protection.
Chlorophyll Light-absorbing pigment in plants and protists that is required for photosynthesis.
Chloroplast Chlorophyll-containting organelles found in cells of green plants, and some protists; capture light energy, and converts into chemical energy.
Chromatin Long strands of DNA. Found in the eukaryoutic cell nucleus.
Cilia Short numerous hair like projections, composed of pairs of microtubles; frequently aid in locomotion.
Cytoplasm Clear gellatinous fluid in cells that is the sight of numerous chemical reactions; In Eukaryoic cells, in suspends the cells organelles.
Cytoskeleton Cellular framework found within the cytoplasm, composed of microtubles, and microfilements.
Endoplasmic reticulum Organelle, Eukaryotic cells with a series of highly folded membranes surrounded in cytoplasm, continue the process of protein production.
Flagella Long projections composed of microtubles that aid the cell in movement.
Golgi apparatus Organelle within eukaryotic cells with a system of flatted tubler membranes, that finish a protein and prepare it for leaving the cell.
Lysosome Organelles that contain digestive enzymes, and break down old or non-functioning proteins and organelles.
Microfilament Thin cell protein fibers that provide structual support for the Eukaryotic cells.
Microtubule Thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structual support for Eukaryotic cells.
Mitochondria Eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules.
Nucleolus Organelle in Eukaryotic cell nucleus that is the site of ribosome production.
Plastid Group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids, or pigments.
Ribosome Is a non-membrane bound organelles in the nucleus where proteins are assembled.
Vacuole Membrane-bound space in the cytoplasm of cells used for the temporary storage of materials.
Created by: TBrylewski
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