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Stack #49096
| Respiratory Terms | Definition |
|---|---|
| Airway resistance | opposition to flow caused by the forces of friction |
| Bronchial breath sounds | - Louder and higher pitched - Resemble air blowing through a hollow pipe - 2:3 ratio, - Gap between inspiration and expiration, reflecting the short pause between these respiratory cycles - Heard alongside the trachea in the neck |
| Bronchophony | Spoken syllable more distinct than normal on auscultation; etiology and significance, pneumonia |
| Bronchovesicular sounds | - Medium pitched and intensity - Heard anteriorly over the main-stem bronchi on either side of the sternum and posteriorly between the scapulae - 1:1 ratio, inspiration equal to expiration |
| Carina | Point where trachea bifurcates; located at the Angle of Louis; highly sensitive, touching it during suctioning causes vigorous coughing |
| Chylothorax | Lymphatic fluid in the pleural space due to a leak in the thoracic duct |
| Clubbing | Increase depth, bulk, sponginess of distal digit or finger; etiology and significance, chronic hypoxia, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, bronchiectasis |
| Crackles | short, low-pitched sounds caused by air passing through airway intermittently occluded by mucus, unstable bronchial wall, or fold of mucosa; evident on inspiration and, at times, expiration; similar sound to blowing through a straw under water |
| Dull percussion | Medium-intensity pitch and duration heard on over areas of "mixed" solid lung tissue, such as over the top area of the liver, partially consolidated lung tissue (pneumonia), or fluid-filled pleural space. |
| Flat percussion | Soft, high-pitched sound of short duration heard over very dense tissue where air is not present. |
| Dyspnea | Shortness of breath; difficulty breathing |
| Egophony | Spoken "e" similiar to "a" on auscultation because of altered transmission of voice sounds; etiology and significance, pneumonia, pleural effusion. |
| Erythropoietin | Hormones synthesized and released by kidney, controls erythropoeisis |
| Eupnea | normal, quiet breathing |
| Hypoxic drive | Backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall |
| Lung compliance | measures of elasticity of the lungs and thorax; decrease compliance - more difficult to inflate, increase compliance - destruction of alveolar wall and loss of tissue elasticity |
| Pectoriloquy | Whispered syllable more distinct than normal on auscultation |
| Pneumothorax | Collection of air or gas in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse |
| Resonant percussive note | Low-pitched sound heard over normal lungs |
| Stridor | Continuous musical sound of constant pitch; result of partial obstruction of larynx or trachea; etiology and significance, croup, epiglottis, vocal cord edema after extubation, foreign body |
| Surfactant | Lipoprotein that lowers surface tension in the alveoli |
| Tactile fremitus | Vibration of chest wall produced by vocalization |
| Tympanic percussive note | Drumlike, loud, empty quality heard over gas-filled stomach or intestine, or pneumothorax |
| Vesicular breath sounds | Relatively soft, low-pitched, gentle, rustling sounds; heard over all lung areas except major bronchi; 3:1 ratio with inspiration longer than expiration |
| Wheezes | Continuous high-pitched squeaking sound caused by rapid vibration of bronchial walls |
| Thoracentesis | Procedure done to remove fluid from the pleural space |
Created by:
krisr0x
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