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chapternineteen

the ocean basin

QuestionAnswer
Mtahew Fontaine Maury American naval officer who studied records of currents, winds, depths, and weather, to publish the first textbook on oceanography
HMS Challenger British navy ship that laid the foundation for the modern science of oceanography by measuring and collecting samples from the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans
sonar sound navigation and ranging
1,500 m/s speed at which sound waves travel through seawater
submersibles underwater research vessel used to study the ocean depths
continental margin shallow sea floor that is located between the shoreline and the deep-ocean-bottom
continental shelf the part of the continent that is covered with ocean water
continental slope the steep slope at the edge of the continental shelf
continental rise a raised wedge of sediments at the base of the continental slope
abyssal plain a large, flat area of the deep-ocean basin
seamount submerged volcanic mountains that are taller than one kilometer
guyot a submerged seamount that has a flat top due to wave erosion
trench long, narrow depression located in the deep-ocean basins; deepest part of the ocean
submarine canyons deep V-shaped valleys cut into the continental shelf
turbidity currents large sediment deposits, formed by landslides or earthquakes, that flow down the continental slope
mid-ocean ridge mountain ranges that run along the middle of the ocean floor where two plates are pulling apart
core sample a cylindrical piece of sediment, rock, soil, snow, or ice that is typically collected by drilling
nodules lump of minerals that is made of oxides of manganese, iron, copper, or nickel and that is found in scattered groups on the ocean floor
foraminiferans tiny sea organisms whose skeletons are the primary source of calcium carbonate
Created by: sisteele
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