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Health Assess Ch19
Heart and Neck Vessels
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Precordium | Area on the anterior chest overlying the heart and great vessels |
| Base | The broader, top part of the heart |
| Apex | The bottom part of the heart |
| Atrioventricular (AV) values | Separate the atria and ventricles; Two types: Tricuspid (Right) and Mitral/Bicuspid (Left) |
| Semilunar (SL) values | Separate the ventricles and arteries, look like half moons; Pulmonic(R) & Aortic(L) |
| S1 | Closure of the AV values, heard loudest at apex |
| S2 | Closure of the SL values, heard loudest at base |
| Murmurs | Gentle, blowing, swooshing sound heard on chest wall; turbulent blood flow |
| Frequency (pitch) | Heart sounds are described as high pitched or low pitched, need stethoscope to hear |
| Intensity (loudness) | Heart sounds are described as loud or soft |
| Duration | Heart sounds are very short, silent periods are longer |
| Timing | Heart sounds are either systole or diastole |
| Automaticity | The heart can contract by itself without any signal/stimulation from the body |
| Sinoatrial (SA) node | Pacemaker of the heart |
| In the resting adult, the heart pumps... | 4 and 6 L of blood per minute throughout the body |
| Cardiac Output | Equals the stroke volume times the rate |
| Stroke Volume | The volume of blood in each systole |
| Rate | The number of beats per minute |
| Preload | Venous return that builds during diastole |
| Afterload | The opposing pressure or resistance the ventricle must push against to pump blood |