Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Step III
Step III - Cardio 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| apical crescendo/decrescendo systolic murmur that is characterized by mid-systolic clicks | MVP |
| tx of aortic regurgx | Positive inotrope (incr force of ventricular contraction) eg dopamine + vasodilator eg nitroprusside (improve systolic fxn and decr afterload) |
| what rx are CI in aortic regurg | Β(-) |
| what agents decrease mortality in hypertensive patients status-post myocardial infarction | cardio selective Β(-) and ACE-I |
| based on EF of hypertensive patients status-post myocardial infarction what Rx do you give | nL EF use B(-); low EF use ACEI |
| Rx that decreases mortality in HTN w/o comorbid dz | diuretics |
| Rx decr mortality in HTN w/ low EF | ACEI |
| What rx decr renal and vasc dz in DM pts | ACEI |
| Aortic dissections occur at what points | At arch, 2.2cm above root, distal to subcalvian |
| Aortic dissection is classified into Types I-III. Define each | I: asc + desc II: asc only III: desc only (IIIa: desc aorta @ distal L subclavian aa down to diaphragm IIIb: desc below diaphragm) |
| surgical vs medical tx of aortic dissections split into type A and B. Define each | A: needs surgery, involves Type I and II B: medically usually, involves Type III |
| which aortic dissection type classically a/w elderly pt w/ h/o atherosclerosis and HTN | Type III (desc only) |
| most often seen in patients < 65 years of age and is the most lethal form of aortic dissection | Type I (asc + desc) |
| what does a delta wave represent on EKG | Early ventricular excitation |
| delta waves are a/w what kinds of cardiac conditions | Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (dilated), WPW |
| hypovolemic shock causes decr preload and affects CO, PCWP, and PVR how | Low: CO, PCWP; high: PVR |
| cardiogenic shock affects CO, PCWP, and PVR how | Low: CO; high: PCWP, PVR |
| Septic shock affects CO, PCWP, and PVR how | Low: PCWP, PVR; High: CO |
| a syndrome of ischemic pain that typically occurs at REST rather than with exertion and is associated with transient ST-segment elevation due to focal coronary artery spasm | Prinzmetal angina |
| mainstays of treatment for Prinzmetal angina | Nitrates and calcium channel blockers |
| Best Rx for WPW in hemo stable pt | procainamide |
| Best rx for WPW pt not hemo stable w/ irr tachy HR | cardioversion |
| How long should pt be treated w/ warfarin before and AFTER cardioversion | 3-4wks before and minimum 4 wks after |
| When can you cardiovert AF w/ prior tx w/ warfarin | <48hrs onset |
| AE of HCTZ | hyponatremia, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, HYPO K+, aggravates gout |
| episodic headache, sweating, and tachycardia, paroxysmal HTN, psychiatric disorders | pheo |
| workup for pheo | 24 Urine fractionated catecholamines and metanephrines; plasma free metanephrines, MR/CT adrenals +/- MIBG scan |
| most accurate test for pheo | MRI/CT of adrenals (if negative get MIBG to look for mets of pheo) |
| CHF pt c/o palpitations, visual disturbances, and mental status changes, EKG shows prolonged PR, and depressed ST. dx | Digitalis toxicity |
| prolonged PR intervals, depressed (scooped) ST segments, and alterations in T wave morphology = | dig toxicity |
| major electrolyte abnL in dig toxicity that predicts mortality | HYPER K+ |
Created by:
DrINFJ
Popular USMLE sets