Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Step III
Step III - Cardio 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hypertensive EMERGENCY is when BP is + what else | > 179/119 + S/S end organ damage |
| insidious onset HA, h/o long standing HTN, n/v, confusion, restlessness, seizure, coma | Hypertensive encephalopathy |
| BP goal for HTN emergency | 100-105 diastolic @ 2-6 hrs (no more than 25% of original) |
| Rx for tx of HTN emergency | IV nitroprusside, nicardipine, clevidipine, labetalol, fenoldopam |
| What defines HTN URGENCY | BP > 179/119 w/o S/S organ damage |
| Approach to lowering BP in HTN urgency pt | lower the blood pressure to <160/100 mm Hg over several hour to days (rapid lowering can lead to cerebral/myocardial ischemia) |
| Rx tx approach to HTN urgency | If already treated outpt can adjust Rx; if never treated start w/ ACEI, CCB, β(-); avoid diuretic |
| Notable side effects of β(-) | Can’t maintain erection, depression, dizzy/light headedness, diarrhea, rash, low sex drive, impotence |
| Which HTN medication can lower HDL, incr LDL cholesterol and TGs | Β(-) |
| AE Furosemide | hypokalemia and hypoeruricemia |
| AE Lisinopril and pt who should not be taking this rx | cough and should be avoided in pregnant patients |
| AE Hydrochlorothiazide and avoid use in these pts | increased levels of uric acid and should be avoided in patients with gout |
| AE Verapamil | arrhythmias and may cause elevations in transaminase levels |
| What are the major criteria of CHF in Framingham | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, neck vein distention, rales, cardiomegaly, acute pulm edema, S3 gallop, incr venous pressure, (+) hepatojugular reflux |
| Minor criteria for CHF in Framingham is | ext edema, night cough, dyspnea on exertion, HSM, pleural effusion, vital capacity reduced by 1/3 normal, tachycardia >=120; weight loss of 4.5 Kg or more during the course of therapy may be considered as a major or minor criterion |
| What is required in Framingham for dx of CHF | 1 major + 2 minor |
| HTN in female of reproductive age w/ 3 elevated readings on 3 office visits. Prevalent cause of HTN in this type of pt | OCP |
| alcoholic pt w/ edema, dyspnea and distended neck veins, ventricular enlargement. Dx | dilated cardiomyopathy from thiamine defx |
| Impaired diastolic filling is found in what types of cardiomyopathies | restrictive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies |
| Cardiac amyloidosis is what type of cardiomyopathy | restrictive cardiomyopathy |
| Disorganized hypertrophic myocardial fibers represents what type of cardiomyopathy | hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
| A left-to-right shunt causes pulmonary hypertension and is found in what ype of cardiac defects | atrial and ventricular septal defects |
| Alcoholism can cause a dilated cardiomyopathy which may lead to | congestive heart failure due to systolic dysfunction. |
| what type of cardiomyopathy is found in alcoholics | Dilated |
| Compare and contrast PIP and Dressler’s syndrome | Onset of PIP is 12hrs-10 DAYS post MI; Dressler’s peak onset is 7-11 WEEKS (up to 28wks) post MI. S/S of both are same but Dressler’s includes low grade FEVER, MALAISE, MYALGIA, weakness, arthralgia |
| sharp, persistent midsternal chest pain which radiates to the shoulders or mid-scapular region of acute onset in post MI pt | Post infarct pericardx (PIP) |
| pericardial friction rubs + PLEURAL friction rubs = | Dressler’s |
| what is the etio of Dressler’s | autoimmune |
| high-pitched decrescendo diastolic murmur at the right sternal border, weakness, severe dyspnea, hypotension, widened pulse pressure +/- angina | Aortic regurgx |
| crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur | Aortic stenosis |
Created by:
DrINFJ
Popular USMLE sets