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Step III
Step III - Peds 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the rule of 2s for Meckel’s | 2 feet prox ileocecal (60-100cm), 2 inches long, 2 yo, 2% population, 2% symptomatic, 2 types of ectopic tissue (pancreatic and gastric), Males 2x > females |
| Diagnostic study for Meckel’s | Techn99scan |
| Tx for meckel’s | surgery |
| bilious emesis, which begins several hours following the initial post-delivery feeding, double bubble XR, malrotation of intestines, congenital heart dz | Duodenal atresia |
| what is the patho phys of duodenal atresia | Failure intestines to canalize in 8th and 10th week gestation leading to polyhydramnios in utero |
| type of abdominal wall defect that occurs when the abdominal viscera herniates through the umbilicus into a sac covered by peritoneal tissue and amniotic membrane | Omphalocele |
| exopthalmos, macroglossia, gigantism, hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia + wilms tumor | Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome |
| Omphalocele is also a/w what condition/dz | Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome |
| evisceration of intestine through the abdominal wall, just lateral to the umbilicus. mass is edematous, dark in color, and typically appears to be covered by a gelatinous matrix of greenish material | Gastroschisis |
| Infants who are exclusively breast-fed should have what supplements | vitamin D supplemented via formula mixture |
| Human milk contains significantly higher levels of what vitamin c/w cow’s milk | vitamin C (approximately 4 times) |
| Protein levels are almost twice as high in what kind of milk compared to mother’s milk | Cow’s milk (not good for baby kidneys |
| Iron from what milk source is better absorbed by baby | Mom > cow |
| What vitamins/nutrients are higher in cow’s milk c/w mother milk | Vita K, protein |
| Etio of erythema infectiosum | Parvovirus B19 (5th dz) |
| Rash on hands/extremities and spreads caudally | RMSF |
| rash usually starts on the head and spreads caudally | Rubeola/ measles |
| desquamating skin rash on palms, soles | Neonatal syphilis |
| morbiliform rash on his head that spread to his palms and soles + recent cough, runy nose and red watery eyes | Measles/rubeola |
| rash hands and feet +/- buttocks, ulcers in posterior palate and pharynx | Coxsackie A; hand, foot mouth disease |
| “slapped cheek” rash + erythematous, pruritic, maculopapular rash starts arms and spreads to the trunk and legs | 5th dz/erythema infectiosum |
| generalized lymphadenopathy, an erythematous and tender maculopapular rash, and polyarthritis | Rubella |
| etio of measles | Paramyxo virus |
| MCC epistaxis in kids | Nose picking (trauma) to Kiesselbach’s plexus > nasal foreign body > deviated septum > prolonged dry air inhalation |
| The following sequence of treatment modalites should be performed for children presenting with epistaxis | Direct pressure > topical nasal vasoconstriction > anterior nasal packing > ENT consultation for posterior nasal packing (blocking choana) |
| Tetanus toxoid should be administered intramuscularly to patients suffering from tetanus-prone wounds such as | present >6 hrs, deeper than 1 cm, contaminated, infected, exposed to saliva or feces, crush injuries and puncture wounds |
| What age groups / timeline require tetanus toxoid injection | if they are less than 7 years of age, or if it has been more than 5 years since their last booster (everyone gets booster q10yrs) |
| Tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) should be administered to | Pts >60yo, pts who have received < 3 doses of tetanus toxoid in their lifetime. |
Created by:
DrINFJ
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