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Pediatrics
Asthma
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Asthma - definition | chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway with airway obstruction that can be partially or completely reversed |
Clinical Manifestations | - sudden appearance of breathing difficulty (wheeze, cough, SOB) - during acute episode: tachypnea, labored respirations, (+ possible nasal flaring, retractions) -severe attack - wheezing may not be heard b/c lack of air flow |
Severity Classifications - 1. Mild Intermittent | - brief exacerbation <2 per week - night time symptoms <2 per week |
Severity Classifications: 2. Mild Persistent | - exacerbations >2 per week, but less than once a day - night time symptoms >2 per month |
Severity Classifications: 3. Moderate Persistent | - daily symptoms of coughing and wheezing - night-time symptoms more than once per week |
Severity Classifications: 4. Severe Persistent | - continous daytime symptoms, limited physical activity - frequent night-time symptoms |
Rescue Medications | - beta2 agonist (short acting) - Albuterol, terbutaline, metaproterenal - Corticosteroids: methylprednisolone (IV), prednisone, prednisolone (PO) - Anticholinergic: ipatropium (inhalation) |
Controller Medications | - Beta2 agonists (long-acting) - Methylanthines (relax muscle bundles that constrict airways) - Mast-cell inhibitors (anti-inflammatory) - Corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory) - Leukotriene modifiers |