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Integumentary Rev.
Chapter 6 Integumentary System Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The skin protects an individual by preventing entry of ____________ | Microorganisms |
| The integumentary system has ____________ receptors that can detect heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain. | Sensory |
| ____________ is regulated by controlling blood flow through skin and controlling the activity of the sweat glands | Body Temperature |
| When exposed to UV light, the skin produces a molecule that can be transformed into ____________ | Vitamin D |
| Small amounts of ____________ are lost through the skin and gland secretions | Waste |
| The hypodermis, or ____________, is underneath the skin and not considered part of the skin itself | Subcutaneous fascia |
| Clinically, the hypodermis is the site of ____________ | Subcutaneous Injections |
| The deep layer of the dermis | Reticular |
| The superficial layer of the dermis | Papillary |
| ____________ is produced because some of the fibers within the dermis are oriented in different directions than others | Tension lines |
| Sloughing off of cells | Desquamate |
| ____________ are specialized cells found in the epidermis associated with the nerve endings which can detect light touch and superficial pressure | Merkel's Cells |
| ____________ is a skin disease which results in large scales of epidermal tissue soughing off | Psoriasis |
| Regions of the epidermis are referred to as ____________ | Strata |
| Deepest portion of the epidermis | Stratum basale |
| Thin, clear zone above the stratum granulosum | Stratum lucidum |
| Most superficial strata | Stratum corneum |
| Layer of epidermis which consists of flattened, diamond shaped cells with long axes | Stratum granulosum |
| Layer of epidermis which consists of 8-10 layers of many sided cells | Stratum spinosum |
| Central axis of hair | Medulla |
| Delicate unpigmented hair which develops and covers the fetus | Lanugo |
| Expanded base of the hair root | Hair bulb |
| Forms the bulk of the hair and consists of cells containing hard keratin | Cortex |
| Hair is formed by cells of the matrix that differentiate during this stage | Growth Stage |
| Long, coarse and pigmented hair | Terminal Hairs |
| One characteristic common to all mammals | Hair |
| Short, fine and usually unpigmented hairs | Vellus hairs |
| Single layer of cells that forms the hair surface | Cuticle |
| Undifferentiated epithelial cells inside the hair bulb | Matrix |
| Burns are classified according to the extent of surface area involved and the ____________ of the burn | Depth |
| The ____________ estimates the surface area burned | Rule of Nines |
| ____________ burns involve only the epidermis and are red and painful with slight swelling | First degree |
| ____________ burns involve damage to the epidermis and the dermis | Second degree |
| Full thickness burns are also known as ____________ | Third degree burns |
| ____________ are performed to prevent complications and to speed the healing process after a severe burn | Skin grafts |
| Earwas | Cerumen |
| ____________ are modified apocrine sweat glands which function to produce milk | Mammary glands |
| Oily, white substance rich in lipids | Sebum |
| ____________ are modified merocrine sweat glands which are located in the ear canal | Ceruminous glands |
| ____________ are the most common type of sweat gland | Merocrine glands |
| Contains half o the body's stored fat | Hypodermis |
| Layer of epidermis where mitosis occurs | Stratum basale |
| Bluish tint to skin caused by lack low oxygenated blood | Cyanosis |
| Hair is colored by ____________ | Melanin |
| The stratum corneum of the nail fold grows onto the nail body as the ____________ | Eponychium |
| Smooth muscles that are responsible for "goose bumps" | Arrector pili |
| Layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue that has projections called papillae | Dermis |
| The specific layer that shapes the ridge for fingerprints and footprints | Dermal papillary layer |
| Edges of the nail is held in place by the ____________ | Nail groove |
| Sweat glands are also referred to as ____________ glands | Sudoriferous |
| Hyposmotic fluid which is released from sudoriferous glands | Sweat |
| Small part of nail matrix seen through the nail body | Lunula |
| Functions as a hormone to stimulate the uptake of calcium and phosphate from the intestines | Vitamin D |
| Removal of waste products from the body | Excretion |
| Disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands | Acne |
| Yellowish skin color occurring when excess bile pigments accumulate in the blood | Jaundice |
| Disease of the skin that usually affects children, characterized by small blisters | Impetigo |
| Characterized by thicker than normal stratum corneum that sloughs to produce large, silvery scales | Psoriasis |
| Most common type of cancer | Skin cancer |
| Elevation of the skin that is variable in size and is often pigmented | Mole |
| Flat, dull red or blue patches on the body that persist throughout life | Portwine stains |
| Development of patches of white skin | Vitiligo |
| Removal of dead tissue from the burn which helps to prevent infections | Debridement |
| Swelling of the tissue often seen after a severe burn | Edema |
| Vitamin A derivative that is being used to treat skin wrinkles | Retin-A |
| Consists of the skin and accessory structures such as hair, nails and glands | Integumentary system |
| Projections which extend toward the epidermis | Papillae |
| Process by which cells harden as they are filled with keratin | Keratinization |
| Nonmembrane bound protein granules found in the stratum granulosum | Keratohyalin |
| Lipid-filled, membrane bound organelles found in the stratum spinosum | Lamellar bodies |
| Dead cells with a hard protein envelope filled with keratin | Cornified cells |
| Skin with all five epithelial strata and each containing many layers | Thick skin |
| Yellow pigment found in plants such as carrots and corn | Carotene |
| Recessive genetic trait causing an inability to produce enzyme responsible for the development of pigment (melanin) | Albinism |
| Portion of the dermis that surrounds the epithelial root sheath | Dermal root sheath |
| Produces hair and internal epithelial root sheath | Matrix |
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SavannahElkins
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