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Skeletal System
Bones, Muscles and Skin_____Ch2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| skeletal system | |
| vertebrae | 26 small bones that make up your backbone. |
| marrow | spft connective tissue that make up the spaces in the bones. |
| cartilage | a connective tissue that is more flexible than bone. as a baby most of your skeleton is cartilage. |
| joint | a place in the body where two bones come together. th types of joints are: Ball-an-Socket joint, Pivot Joint, Hinge joint and Gliding joint. |
| movable joints | allow the body to make a wide range of movements. |
| ligament | a strong connective tissue that holds moveable joints together. |
| osteoporosis | a condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily. Mineral loss can lead to this. |
| fracture | a break in a bone, which can occur when you fall so that all of your weight is placed on only a fw bones. |
| sprain | occurs when ligaments are stretched too far and tear in places. |
| dislocation | occurs when a bone comes out of its joint. |
| X-rays | a form of energy that travels in waves. images of an x-ray can determine if a bone has been broken. |
| MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging) | a method introduced in the 1970's, that takes clear images of both the bones and the soft tissues of the body.. they can show muscles and soft tissues that an x-ray cannot show. |
| Preventions of Sprains, Fractures and dislocations | warming up before excersizing, wearing appropriate protective equiptment like a helmet for biking, and excersizing in safe places. |
| involuntary muscles | responsible for activities such as breathing and digesting food. |
| voluntary muscles | muscles under a human's control, such as smiling, turning a page of a book, and throwing a baseball. |
| 3 types of muscle tissue | skeltal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle |
| skeletal muscles | are attacgedto the bones of your skeleton, and provide the force that moves your bones. |
| tendon | strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. |
| smooth muscles | involuntary muscles, that work automatically to control many types of movements inside your body, like digestion. |
| cardiac muscle | a tissue that is involuntary and can contract |
| because muscle cells____only____, not____, skeletal muscles must work in pairs. | can contract, extend |
| while one muscle contracts | the other muscle in the pair returns to its original length. |
| the skin | covers the body and prevents the loss of water. it also protects the body from injury and infection, regulate the body temp, eliminate wastes, gather info about the environment, as wells as produce vitamin D |
| epidermis | the outermost layer of the skin, it does not have any nerves or blood vessals. this is why you don't feel any pain from very shallow scratches and why shallow scratches don't bleed. |
| melanin | a pigment or colored substance that gives skin its color. |
| dermis | lower layer of the skin, it contains nerves and blood vessals |
| pores | sweat glands produce perspiration, which reches the suface through openings called pores. |
| follicles | strands of hair grow within the dermis in structures called follicles. |
| four simple habits to keep your skin healthy | eat properly, drink enough water, limit your exposure to the sun, and keep your skinclean and dry |
| cancer | a diseas in which some body cells divide uncontrollably. |
| acne | a bacterial defection of the skin that can bedifficult to control. |
Created by:
mcmurphy
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