Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MicroReview
Chapter 4 review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Genus | Family classification of organisms. |
| Define Genera | Plural of genus |
| Define Anaerobic | Cannot tolerate free oxygen |
| Define organic | Alive or produced by a living organism. |
| Flaccid | Flappy/lacking firmness, resilience or muscle tone. |
| Pathology | Study and diagnosis of disease through examination of the organs, tissues, and body fluids. |
| Anoxia | Absence of oxygen. |
| Antitoxins | Antibodies with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin. Borrowed from someone else, and induces passive immunity. |
| Antiserum | Blood serum containing antibodies from another. Passive immunity. |
| Crepitus | The grating, crackling, or popping sounds and sensations experienced under the skin and joints. |
| Septicemia | Bacteria in blood |
| Silent Carrier | Individual who's not sick yet passes the disease to others |
| Bacterins | Suspension of killed bacteria |
| Undolent fever | Temperature rises, lowers, then rises above normal again. |
| List 7 organisms in Enterobacteria ACE Family | E.Coli, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebisella, Salmonella, Shegella, Protius. |
| What does bactera in the Enterobacteria ACE family have to contain in order to be in this family? | Gram negative, ferment dextrose, non-spore forming, aerobic, rods, reduce nitrates to nitrites |
| List 3 Things Required to Grow Bacteria | Carbon, Water, Nitrite |
| List Pathogenic Cocci | Strep/Staph |
| List Non-Pathogenic Cocci | Microlococci |
| Anaerobic bacteria | Can not tolerate oxygen |
| What does aerobic bacteria have that anaerobic bacteria doesn't have? | Aerobic has the enzyme oxidase. |
| How many bacteria genera are Spores? | Clostridia, Bascilles |
| Gram Positive/Gram Negative | Protiens/Lipopolysaccharides |
| Gram Positive Cocci | Streptococci - Single plane = Long chain Staphylococci - Random planes = Grape clusters Microlococci - Alternating planes = Cubes |
| Non Spore Forming Genera | Listeria Corynebacterium Erysipelothrix |
| Spore Forming Genera | Bascilles -Anthracis Clostridium -Botulinum -Tetanae -Perfringens -Septicum -Novyi |
| Gram Negative Cocci | Gonorrhae |
| Gram Negative Rods | Bacilli -E.Coli -Citrobacter -Enterobacter -Klebsiella -Shigella -Salmonella -Proteus |
| 3 Species in The Genus Clostridium that cause diseases with toxins only | Tetani Botulinum Perfrengens |
| Subterminal/Terminal | Produced at the end |
| What are the gas producers of Clostridium that cause gas gangrene? | All Clostridium are gas producers. But the three most common are Perfringens, Novyi, and Septicum. |
| List the non-fermentors | Shegella Salmonella Protius |
| List the most common causes of UTI | Protius E.Coli |
| List the 5 Basic Sugars | Dextrose Maltose Sucrose Lactose Mannitol |
| Food intoxication | Caused by endotoxins (matabolic product of growth) produced by bacteria growing in the food we consume. |
| Difference in food intoxication/infection | Intoxication is caused by the toxins released. Infection is caused by the microorganism itself. |
| Gram Stain process | Crysta violet - Primary stain - 1 minute Gram's iodine - Mordant - 2 Minutes Ethel Alcohol - Decolorizer - 30 Secs Saffronin - Counterstain - 1 Min Water - Rinse |
| Lipopolysaccharides | Endotoxins (toxins with the cell released only when the cell dies) |
| Body of bacteria | Cell membrane - Semi permeable Cell wall - permeable Flagellum |
| Spore | Ensures survival |
| Fission or binary fission | When a cell divides in two. Mother/daughter cells are identical. |
| Antiseptics/Disinfectants | Changes surface tension Oxidizes coagulates proteins |
| Types of Diseases | Contagious infectious Non-contagious infectious Genetic Nutritional Traumatic Allergic |
| Method Red Positive | Acid end product |
| Method Red Negative | Alkaline end product |
| Fast fermentors positive | Klebsiella Citrobacter Enterobacter |
| Lactose Non Fermentor | Shegella |
| Negative chemotaxis | Swarming |
| Types of Brucella (Gram negative) | Neletesis Suis Abortus |
| Brucella Neltesis | Gram Negative. Host is a goat |
| Brucella Suis | Host is a pig |
| Brucella Abortus | Host is cattle. Also known as Bangs Disease/Brucilosus. Causes abortions in the first pregnancy in an animal. Intercellular pathogen. Runs in reproductive tract and the mammary glands. Shed through milk thus pasturizing milk. |
| Undolent fever | A temperature that rises above normal, falls below normal, than rises above normal consistently. |
| Pseudomonous | Gram Negative. Pseudomonous Arugonosa (Blue-green pus organ) Aerobe. Potent odor. Kills all other bacteria. Doesn't ferment dextrose. Opportunistic pathogen. Hemolytic. Common everywhere. |
| Pasteurella | Rods. Pasteurella Multacida: very characteristic smell. Broad range of hosts. Most common in cat bites. Common in respitory system. All motile. |
| Hepatization | Liver-like |
| Tuturences | Rabbit fever |
| Anklose | Causes joints not to move |
| Bortotella | Gram negative, not highly antigenic |
| Mycobacterium | Genus contains tuberculosis. Gram positive. Use acid fast stain. Most prevelant in lungs. Affects any system of body. |
| Acid fast | Won't wash out of bacteria. |
| Lepri/Leprosy | Damages sensory nerves. Placed in controlled atomosphere with antibiotics. All mycobacterium |
| Tuberculosis Santitorium | People went here to live who have tuberculosis, away from the world. |
| Paratuburculosis (Yawnies) | Not effective in humans. Host is cattle. Wasting disease. |
| Tuberculan (TB Test) | Started out as immunizing product then became a diagnostic test. Once positive, always positive. |
| Antibiotics | Majority are bacteria sidle. Few bacteria static. |
| Bacteria Static | Holds down bacteria so body can kill it |
| Broad spectrum | Can treat anything. |
| Pen. Gram Positive and Streptamicin Gram Negative | Combined is PenStrep - makes it a broad spectrum antibiotic. Influence each other. 1st two usable antibiotics. |
| True antibiotic | One produced by a living organism. |
| Streptamicin | Good intramuscular injection to control infection. |
| Amoxicillan | Spinoff of penicillan |
| Virus: How different from bacteria | Obligant parasite. Nonliving particle. Contains either RNA/DNA, never both. Antibiotics are ineffective. Makes you more susceptible to bacterial infection. No treatment except supportive. Immune system is ultimate treatment. |
| AIDS | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
| Viruses cell makeup | No cell membrane/wall. Free living organism. |
| Free living organism | Carry on the functions of life on cell free media. |
| Self-limited | Viruses are short lived. Causes positive cell reaction. |
| Viruses are | protein in nature. |
| Most common viral disease | Common cold |
| Treatment for common cold | Scientific neglect and tencture of time. 353 isolated, lasts 7 days. |
| Pox Virus | Largest of the viruses by size. (Always big enough to see with a light microscope)Every animal has its own pox virus. Small pox only affects us. 1st vaccine to date. Related vaccine. |
| Herpes | More herpes than any other virus. Herpes Symplex, Chicken pox --> most common herpes virus. Notorious for causing disease, stays in ganglion of cells, shows when stressed. |
| Polio | Salve caccine developed into oral vaccine. Can carry Polio in gi tract (not a form of paralytic polio) Still a problem in 3rd world countries, Not eradicated to the point where we can't vaccinate |
| Jenner noticed what? | difference in milk maids thus discovering small pox |
| HIV Virus | Not the same as AIDS, number one cause of AIDS. To transport from one media to another, must transfer a living cell. HIV reduces immune system. |
| Iron Lung | made to treat Polio patients, first respirator ever created. |
| Influenza Virus | As common as the common cold. Mutates rapidly. Infects cells all over body. To prevent maintain a highly functional immune system. |
| Mutation | Any change |
| Propogate | Increase in numbers. |
| McCoy Cell Line | Growing a cell from a culture. Avian Embryo is the most common way vaccines are produced becaues they have all the same tissues humans do. |
| Most common method of propogation. | Most popular virus production is cell culture and Avian embryo. |
| Influenza Vaccine | 5 Strains in vaccine. 2 Standard, 3 based on world standards. The flu mutates very rapidly and changes antigenic structure. |
| Wart Virus: Papoloma Virus | Subject to blood system, antigens kill the virus. Can occur anywhere on body. |
| Measels | If no immunity, person is susceptible. |
| Mumps | Typically childhood disease. Tendency to settle in male testicles causing swelling/pain. Possible to get multiple times. |
| Transferred by Mosquitos: | Encephalitis, West Nile Virus |
| Types of Encephalitis | From the most pathogenic to the least: Venezualan St. Louis Eastern Western |
| ALL Viral Diseases | Are self limiting (stimulates antibodies; ex. papaloma virus) No treatment (except supportive) Can be vaccinated against |
| ALL antiseptics/disinfectants | must be in contact with the organisms to kill bacteria to be effective. Doesn't sterilize. Takes time. Only works in: oxidation, coagulation of proteins, and changes surface tension. |
| Phenolic compounds | 2nd most used antiseptics |
| Ammonia Compounds | Chlorine is primary (most common) Iodine - more effective but stains any natural fiber. Iodine is highly corrosive (oxidising agent) |
| Tincture of iodine | Alcohol is carrier/good antiseptic |
| Visohex | Controls MRSA, carcinogen, causes scrotum cancer in baby boys 1/100,000 |
Created by:
cori77
Popular Biology sets