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Science-Ch. 1 VOCAB
Science Vocabulary- BOOK 1 Chapter 1, all sections!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a Cell? | Form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism's processes, of functions; The basic units of structure and function in living things |
| What is a Microscope? | An instrument that makes small objects look larger |
| What is the cell theory definition? | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things |
| What is the Cell Theory? | All living things are composed of cells, Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, & all cells are produced from other cells |
| What is an organelle? | Even smaller structures inside a cell; These carry out specific functions within the cell |
| What is the Cell Wall? | A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms; Helps to protect and support the cell |
| What is the Cell Membrane? | A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell |
| What is the Nucleus? | The "brain" of the cell; The cell's control center, directing all of the cell's activities. |
| What is Chromatin? | Contain genetic material; the instructions for directing the cell's functions |
| What is the Nucleolus? | Where Ribosomes are made |
| What is Cytoplasm? | The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; constantly moving |
| What is Mitochondria? | The "Powerhouses" of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions |
| What is Endoplasmic Reticulum? | Mazes of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another |
| What are Ribosomes | Attached to Endoplasmic Reticulum; Small, Grain-like bodies; Function as factories to produce proteins |
| What is the Golgi Body? | "Mail Room"; Receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the Endoplasmic Reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell |
| What are Chloroplasts? | Capture energy from the sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell; Green; Only in Plant Cells and other organisms |
| What are Vacuoles? | The storage area of cells |
| What is a Lysosome? | Small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell |
| What is an element? | Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| What is a Compound? | When 2 or more elements combine they form this |
| What is an organic compound? | a compound that contains carbon |
| What is an inorganic compound? | a compound that doesn't contain the element carbon |
| What is a Carbohydrate? | A energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| What is a Lipid? | A Energy-rich organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| What are Proteins? | Large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in some cases sulfur |
| What are Amino Acids? | Protein molecules that are made up of smaller molecules |
| What is an Enzyme? | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |
| What are Nucleic Acids? | Very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus |
| What is DNA? | (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
| What is RNA? | (Ribonucleic Acids) Plays an important role in the production of proteins |
| What is Selectively Permeable? | Some substances can pass through the cell membrane while others cannot |
| What is Diffusion? | The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| What is Osmosis? | The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable Cell Membrane |
| What is Passive Transport? | The movement of dissolved materials through a Cell Membrane without using Cellular Energy |
| What is Active Transport? | The movement of materials through a cell membrane using Cellular Energy |
Created by:
abbeyjohnson97
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