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radiobellestack
biology midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | the science that deals with all forms of life, including their classification, physiology, chemistry, and interactions |
| experiment | a test, especially a scientific one, carried out in order to discover whether a hypothesis is supported or what the results of a particular course of action would be |
| hypothesis | a tentative explanation for a phenomenon, used as a basis for further investigation. |
| systematics | the study of systems and classifications, especially the science of classifying organisms. |
| theory | a set of facts, propositions or principles analyzed in their relation to one another, and used, especially in science, to explain phenomena. |
| organisms | major groups of living things |
| cell | the basic unit of function and structure of all living things |
| energy | the capacity to do work |
| metabolism | encompasses all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell |
| photosynthesis | a process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy of organic nutrient molecules |
| homeostasis | a state of biological balance |
| adaptions | modifications that make organisms better able to function in a particular environment |
| evolution | the way in which populations of organisms change over the course of many generations to become more suited to their environments |
| taxonomy | the discipline of id'ing and grouping organisms according to certain rules. [species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain] |
| biosphere | the zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth where organisms exist |
| population | all the members of a species within a particular area |
| biodiversity | the total number and relative abundance of species, the variability of their genes, and the different ecosystems in which they live |
| extinction | the death of a species or larger classification category |
| scientific method | a standard series of steps used in gaining new knowledge that is widely accepted among scientists. [observation, hypothesis, experiment/observations, conclusion, scientific theory] |
| inductive reasoning | "if, then" logic |
| experimental design | the manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment |
| control | something that goes through all the steps of an experiment but lacks the factor being tested |
| data | the results of an experiment |
| scientific theories | concepts that join together well-supported and related hypotheses |
| independent variable | the component or factor being tested |
| dependent variable | result of the independent variable |
| prokaryotes | the most primitive organisms |
| protista | single-celled organisms |
| living organisms | take in and use energy; grow and develop; respond to stimuli; reproduce; adapt to the environment; are cellular; move substances. |
| the scientific method | observation; develop a research question; develop a hypothesis; experiment |
| atom | the smallest particles which retain the properties of an element |
| molecules | produced from 2 or more atoms bonded together |
| subcellular organelles | structures found within eukaryotic cells which have special functions within the cell |
| cells | lowest levels which could be considered living |
| tissues | comprised of groups of cells that have specialized to perform a specific function |
| organs | composed of several types of tissues which together perform a specific function |
| organ system | a group of organs specialized for a function |
| organism | the individual biological entity |
| populations | groups of organisms of the same species |
| communities | composed of several species interacting with one another within an environment |
| ecosystems | consists of the biological community as well as the nonliving components |
| biomes | large geographic regions which contain a similar biological composition |
| biosphere | the entire layer around the earth in which one finds living organisms |
| six kingdoms | archaebacteria, eubacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia |
| condensation reaction | a reaction in which two or more small molecules combine to form a larger one, with the elimination of a simpler byproduct, usually a molecule of water |
| covalent bond | a chemical bond in which two atoms are held together by sharing a pair of electrons between them |
| functional group | in a molecule of a substance: a combination of two or more atoms that are bonded together and tend to act as a single unit in chemical reactions |
| hydrolytic reaction | a reaction involving the chemical decomposition of organic compounds used the action of water |
| hydrogen bond | a weak chemical bond between an electron atom with a lone pair of electrons and covalently bonded hydrogen atoms |
| ionic bond | a chemical bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another resulting in the conversion of electrically neutral atoms to positively and negatively charged ions |
| mole |
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radiobelle
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