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Microbiology QI:QII

Bacterial Morphology, Virulence Factors

QuestionAnswer
the study of the shape and form without regard to function morphology
the unit of measure that we use to report the diameter or length of most bacterial cells micrometers
size range for most bacterial cells diamter .2-2.0 micrometers
size range for most bacterial cells length 2-8 micrometers
Spherical cells coccus
rod-shaped cells bacillus
3 types of spiral cells vibrios, spirilla, spirochetes
comma-shaped spiral cells vibrios
helical rigid motion spiral cells spirilla
helical flexible motion spiral cells spirochetes
how is the shape of a bacterial cell determined? heredity
cells that do not change shape monomorphic
cells that do change shape pleomorphic
cocci that remain in pairs after dividing diplococci
bacteria that remain attached in chainlike patterns after dividing streptococci
cocci that divide in two planes and remain in groups of four tetrads
spherical bacteria that divide in three planes and remain attached in cube-like groups of eight sarcinae
cocci that divide in multiple planes and form grapelike clusters staphylococci
rod-shaped bacteria that divide across their short axis and remain in pairs after cell division diplobacilli
bacilli that divide across their short axis and remain in chains streptobacilli
rod-shaped bacteria that are oval and look like cocci coccobacilli
Do spiral-shaped bacteria cling together after cell division to form arrangements? No
many prokaryotes secrete a sticky gelatinous coating that surrounds the cell wall glycocalyx
glycocalyx when it is organized and firmly attached externally to the cell wall capsule
example of a bacterial cell with a capsule Streptococcus pneumoniae
What does streptococcus pneumoniae cause? Pneumococcal pneumonia
glycocalyx when it is unorganized and loosely attached to the cell wall slime layer
the function for movement motility
long, whiplike filament-containing appendages that propel bacteria flagella
single flagellum monotrichous
having flagellum/flagella at both ends amphitrichous
tufts or bunches of flagella at one end lophotrichous
flagella covering the entire surface peritrichous
the movement of a bacterium toward or away from a stimulus or environment taxis
light stimulus phototaxis
chemical stimulus chemotaxis
favorable stimulus attractant
unfavorable stimulus repellant
unique type of flagella produced by spirochetes axial filaments OR endoflagella
example of a bacteria with axial filaments Treponema pallidum
what does treponema pallidum cause? syphilis
type of motion allowed for by axial filaments corkscrew
short hairlike or bristle-like appendages that allow bacteria to attach to surfaces fimbriae OR pili
example of a bacterial cell that uses fimbriae for attachment Neisseria gonorrhoeae
what does neisseria gonorrhoeae cause? gonorrhea
Equation for Total Magnification objective lens power x ocular lens power
what's the relationship between the wavelength of the light source of a microscope and the resolution? inverse relationship-the shorter the wavelength, the greater the resolution
Two differential stains Gram stain and acid-fast stain
Which organisms are more susceptible to destruction by penicilin/Less resistant to penicillin treatment Gram-positive organisms
Which organisms are less susceptible to treatment by penicillin/more resistant to treatment by penicillin Gram-negative organisms
Which two diseases caused by mycobacteria are detected by an acid-fast stain? leprosy, tuberculosis
Created by: amyziolkowski
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