Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MIDTERM MUSC APPR
Midterm for Music Appreciation 10/14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Gregorian Chant/Chant Music | The official music of the Roman Catholic Church. Chant music is monophonic and sung a cappella |
| Explain the difference between secular and sacred music | Sacred music is sung in Latin, while secular music was sung in the composer's native language |
| Define Mass Ordinary | Mass Ordinary refers to the sections of mass that would stay the same day to day (Kyrie, Gloria, etc.) |
| Define Mass Proper | Mass Proper refers to chant melodies sung on special days of the church calendar (Communion, Offertory, etc.) |
| Define and explain syllabic | One note sung on each syllable of text |
| Define and explain neumatic | A small series of notes sung on a syllable of text |
| Define and explain melimatic | Long series of notes sung on one syllable of text. |
| Explain the reason why most Gregorian chant composers were anonymous | Most composers were anonymous because they wrote for devout purposes, not for glory or fame |
| Define and explain organum | Organum is created by taking a pre-existing chant melody and adding another voice above or below (perfect intervals) |
| Who was regarded as one of the most important composers of chant and hymns in the Medieval Period? | Hildegard of Bingen |
| What type of music did Hildegard of Bingen write? | She would either write chant melodies to Mass prayers or write hymns using her own poetry based on religious figures (Virgin Mary). |
| What is Hildegard's earliest work? | "Ordo Virtutum" |
| Explain the reason why polyphony is the most important development in western music | Polyphony made it necessary to create a notational system that has specific beat durations. Polyphony created music that turned into a written down artform. |
| Name the place/location in which Leonin and Perotin composed early polyphonic music | Leonin and Perotin both worked at the Cathedral of Notre Dame |
| What book did Leonin write? | The Great Book of Organum |
| What did Perotin do at the Cathedral of Notre Dame? | Perotin studied Leonin's polyphonic compositions and expanded organum to three and four-part harmonies |
| Define Troubadors | Higher class of courtly musicians located in Southern France |
| Define Trouveres | Higher class of courtly musicians located in Northern France |
| Explain the relation between Troubadors and Trouveres | Both sang courtly love, and their music was used for dancing, banquets, and after dinner entertainment |
| Define and explain Minnesingers | The German equivalent to Troubadors and Trouveres. These musicians were all-around entertainers: comedy, juggling, music, acting, impersonations, and storytelling. |
| Who was the most prolific composer of sacred and secular music in the late Medieval Period? | Guillame de Machaut |
| What was Guillame de Machaut widely known for? | Being a cross-over artist. He wrote chansons for court and entire masses for church. |
| What did Guillame de Machaut compose (chanson)? | "Puis qu'en oubli (Since I Am Forgotten)" |
| What does the term 'Renaissance' mean? | 'Rebirth'. A cultural movement that began in Florence Italy in the mid-15th century |
| What is considered the "Golden Age" of a capella singing? | The Renaissance Period |
| Who is Josquin Desprez? | French composer who wrote in many languages and genres, both sacred and secular |
| Who is considered by scholars to be the premier composer of the Renaissance style of polyphonic vocal writing? | Josquin Desprez |
| What is Josquin Desprez' most famous example of his Latin Renaissance motet? | "Ave Maria, virgo serena" |
| What is a motet? | A sacred, polyphonic vocal genre, usually set to a Latin text, and separate from Mass Ordinary |
| What continues to be the leading genre of sacred music in the Renaissance? | The Mass |
| Who was John Farmer? | An English composer, choirmaster, and organist at Christ Church in Dublin, Ireland and later moved to London where he published his first and only book of madrigals |
| What did John Farmer compose? | "Fair Phyllis" |
| Define Baroque | Baroque has been defined several different ways, from exaggerated and abnormal, to flamboyant, highly ornamented, and even bizarre |
| What does Baroque focus on? | Focuses on bringing out action and movement |
| What is an opera? | Opera is a drama that is sung entirely through, and there is no spoken dialogue like in musical theater |
| What is the libretto? | The libretto (Italian for little book) is the text of an opera. Sometimes operas are composed from plays, novels, or other literary works |
| What is coloratura? | An operatic singer with an agile voice who specializes in singing fast, florid passages of music |
| Who is Claudio Monterverdi? | Known as the father of opera, Italian composer |
| Who composed "L'Orfeo"? | Claudio Monterverdi; considered the genre's first great masterpiece |
| Define and explain Recitative | A style of singing that is usually only accompanied by a small section of the orchestra called the basso continuo, and its rhythms are more speech-like |
| Define and explain Aria | An aria is a dramatic vocal solo with orchestral accompaniment and is found in operas. Arias are normally accompanied by the entire orchestra. |
| Why was Greek mythology a common theme in opera during the Baroque Period? | Because early opera was composed primarily for royal audiences, Baroque opera often employed stories of gods and legends from Greek and Roman mythology, as well as stories of powerful, historical figures |
| Define and explain Oratorio | An oratorio is a large-scale vocal genre in several movements, usually set to Biblical or sacred text, and normally performed without sets or costumes |
| What is the key difference between an oratorio and an opera? | Musically, an oratorio is almost identical to an opera. The key difference is that an oratorio is not performed on stages with sets and costumes, and the topic is generally on a sacred theme |
| Who composed Messiah? | George Frederick Handel; one of his most inspired compositions |
| Where was G.F. Handel born? | Halle, Germany |
| What genre is Handel's Messiah? | A sacred oratorio in three parts for chorus, orchestra, and soloists |
| Who is J.S. Bach? | Johann Sebastian Bach; considered the greatest and most influential musical figure of the Baroque era |
| What did Johann Sebastian Bach accomplish? | He was a virtuoso organist and a master of the art of improvisation. He wrote several important works for the keyboard and organ |
| What was J.S. Bach's longest post? | His longest post was as a music director for the St. Thomas Lutheran Church in Leipzig, Germany |
| Which composer is considered to be the most important Baroque composer as well as composed more than 200 Cantatas and is the author of influential Baroque keyboard instrument books like 'The Art of Fugue' and the 'Well Tempered Clavier'? | Johann Sebastian Bach |
| Who was the master of all keyboard forms? | J.S. Bach |
| J.S. Bach was a prolific composer and wrote in every genre except...? | Opera |
| Deinfe and explain suite | A suite (French for "sequence",) or orchestral suite, was very popular in the middle to late Baroque Period. The genre can be written for one instrument, or a full orchestra in several movements |
| What does a suite consist of? | Consisted of four international dances that are played in succession, all in the same key |
| What are the four international dances that are played in succession, all in the same key? | 1. Allemande (Germany)- stately 4/4 dance 2. Courante (France)-fast running and jumping steps 3. Sarabande (Spain)-slow and seductive Spanish style 4. Gigue or Jig (England)-fast 6/8 dance from UK and Ireland |
| What are some other suites that could be inserted in one of the four suites? | The minuet, polonaise, bourree, alla hornpipe, etc. |
| Who is Antonio Vivaldi? | A virtuoso violinist, wrote 300+ concertos-mostly violin |
| What other concertos did Antonio Vivaldi write? | He wrote bassoon, cello, flute and even recorder concertos |
| What is Antonio Vivaldi's nickname? | "The Red Priest" due to his hair color |
| What is arguably Antonio Vivaldi's most famous solo concerto in the Baroque Period? | The Four Seasons |
| What genre is Spring-The Four Seasons by Antonio Vivaldi? | Concerto |
| The poems written for each season were the early examples of....? | Program music |
| What is Concerto Grosso? | Pairs a small ensemble with an orchestra |
| What is Solo Concerto? | A soloist with an orchestra |
| Which instruments were plucked by a plectrum instead of struck by a hammer like a modern-day piano? | The harpsicord and clavichord |
| What is Chaconne? | A form where a simple chord progression/melody becomes more and more complex with each repeat. The musician could also improvise their own melodies over the set progression |
| What is the most famous composition taking from the chaconne tradition? (weddings) | Canon in D Major |
| What is a prelude? | A short composition that targets specific keyboard technique. Usually the technique is repeated throughout |
| What pieces were for practicing and then turned to masterpieces? | Preludes |
| What is a toccata? | A virtuosic composition that features fast moving passages and improvisation |
| What is a round? | A composition where a minimum of three people sing the same melody together, but the entrances of the melody are staggered |
| What is a chanson? | A French poem set to music usually about love or unrequited love |
| What is humanism? | An intellectual and cultural movement that explored all arts and sciences in order to gain deeper understanding of man's role in the universe |
| What is word painting? | Highlighting a word to illustrate the text, for example, an ascending scale on the word heaven, or a descending scale or unexpected dissonance on the word sorrow |
| What is Protestant Reformation? | A major movement led by Protestant reformer Martin Luther ignited in 1517 when the former Catholic priest nailed his famous Ninety-five theses to the door of a prominent church in Germany. He later founded his own Protestant denomination: Lutheran Church |
| What is an ensemble? | When an aria is shared between multiple characters in an opera |
| What is an overture? |
Created by:
kdunn21
Popular Music sets