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Unit 11 lesson 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| water cycle | The water cycle is often taught as a simple, circular cycle of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. |
| evaporation | Evaporation is the process by which a liquid transforms into a gas (vapor) at temperatures below its boiling point. |
| transpiration | Transpiration is the process by which plants absorb water through their roots and release water vapor into the atmosphere, |
| sublimation | the physical process where a solid turns directly into a gas, skipping the liquid phase entirely. |
| condensation | the process where a substance changes from its gas or vapor state into a denser liquid or solid state, usually when the temperature drops. |
| precipitation | any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere, condenses into clouds, and falls to the Earth's surface due to gravity. |
| weather | Weather refers to the short-term state of the atmosphere at a specific place and time, |
| humidity | Humidity means the amount of water vapor (invisible water in a gas state) present in the air |
| relative humidity | Relative humidity (RH) is the amount of water vapor currently in the air compared to the maximum amount the air can hold at that specific temperature, expressed as a percentage. |
| dew point | The dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled—at a constant pressure and constant water vapor content—to reach 100% relative humidity and become completely saturated. |
| air pressure | air pressure is the physical force exerted by the weight of the air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere pushing down on the surface and everything it touches. |
| wind | the large-scale or local movement of air in the atmosphere relative to a planet's surface. |
| visibility | Visibility is the state, quality, or degree of being able to be seen by the eye, or how clearly and how far distant objects can be discerned. |
| air mass | An air mass is a large volume of air in the atmosphere that has nearly uniform temperature and moisture levels across thousands of square kilometers |
| front | front is the transition zone or boundary separating two distinct air masses that have different temperatures, densities, and humidity levels. |
| jet stream | A jet stream is a fast-flowing, narrow band of wind that generally blows from west to east high in the Earth's upper atmosphere, mainly at the altitude of the tropopause (about 30,000 to 45,000 feet above sea level). |
| thunderstorm | A thunderstorm is a local weather disturbance defined by the presence of lightning and the acoustic shockwave of thunder, almost always accompanied by heavy rain, strong gusty winds, or hail. |
| lightning | Lightning is a giant spark of electricity in the atmosphere caused by a rapid discharge of electrical energy between clouds, the air, or the ground. |
| thunder | Thunder is the sudden, loud booming, cracking, or rumbling noise that follows a flash of lightning. |
| hurricane | A hurricane is a severe tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph (119 km/h) or greater, accompanied by heavy rain, thunder, and lightning. |
| storm surge | A storm surge is an abnormal rise in seawater level during a storm |
| tornado | A Tornado Definition is a violently rotating column of air in contact with both the base of a cumuliform cloud (usually a thunderstorm) and the surface of the Earth. |
| sinkhole | A sinkhole is a depression, hollow, or large hole in the ground caused by the collapse of the surface layer, typically when the ground is no longer supported from below. |
| wildfire | A wildfire is an unplanned, uncontrolled fire that burns in natural vegetation such as forests, grasslands, brushlands, or prairies |
| muck fire | muck fire is a slow, flameless, underground fire that burns through layers of dried organic soil, peat, or decomposed vegetation in wetlands and marshes. |
| climate | Climate is the long-term pattern of weather conditions in a specific region, typically averaged over a span of 30 years |
| latitude | Latitude is the measurement of distance north or south of the Earth's Equator, |
| topography | Topography is the study and mapping of the shape, features, and physical layout of the Earth's surface. |
| elevation | Elevation is the vertical distance of a point on the Earth’s surface above or below a fixed reference level, |
| surface currents | A surface current is a continuous, directed movement of seawater in the upper layer of the ocean (typically the top 100 to 400 meters) driven primarily by global wind friction. |
Created by:
Cristina Almeida da goat
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