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Nutrition
Consumer Concerns
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ergogenic | Work enhancing lactic acid |
| Protein powders | Provide excess protein that most athletes and average people don't need |
| Side Effect(s) of Protein Powders | Break down puts a burden on a kidney |
| Complete Nutrition Supplements | Most are not complete, but it is an advantage for a person that can't eat solid food |
| Soda Loading | Eating baking soda to neutralize lactic acid |
| Side Effect(s) of Soda Loading | Dizziness, Cramp and Diarrhea |
| Anabolic Steroids | Stimulate muscle development |
| Side Effects of Anabolic Steroids | Aggressiveness, acne, hair loss, depression, testicular atrophy, heart failure, and liver damage |
| hGH (Human Growth Hormone) | Taking to make a person taller or larger |
| Side Effects of hGH | Acromegaly, diabetes, thyroid problems, heart disease and shorter life span |
| Blood Doping | Removing RBCs from a person then reinjecting the cells a few days before an event |
| Purpose of Blood Doping | Increase oxygen carrying ability |
| Side Effects of Blood Doping | Changes blood chemistry, slows the blood, and cause heart attack |
| USDA (US Dept. of Agriculture) | Responsible for quality of meat and egg |
| FDA (Food & Drug Admin) | Responsible for all other food and supplements |
| EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) | Responsible for pesticides and water quality |
| CDC (Center for Disease Control) | Responsible for food-borne illnesses |
| Type 1 of Food Borne Illnesses | Infection occur by eating bacteria; occurs a couple of days after eating |
| Symptoms of Type 1 of Food Borne Illnesses | Cramps, diarrhea and fever |
| Type 2 of Food Borne Illnesses | Intoxication caused by eating toxins produced by bacteria; occurs few hours to 1 day after eating |
| Symptoms of Type 2 of Food Borne Illnesses | Weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, blurry vision and difficulty breathing |
| Cross Contamination | Bacteria in raw meat that contact other food or utensils that are not then cook or clean properly |
| Bioaccumulation | Concentration of contaminants of the food chain |
| Heavy metals | High atomic weight elements, denatures proteins, and poison the nervous system |
| Organic halogens | Carbon compound that also contain F, Cl, Br, I. Cause cancer. Used to make silicone (plastic/rubber) |
| Natural toxicants in foods | Things that naturally occur in food |
| Natural toxicants in some mushrooms | Some are poisonous |
| Natural toxicants of cabbages and turnips | Contain goitrogens which cause thyroid enlargements |
| Natural toxicants of limo beans and fruit seeds | Contain cyanogens which releases cyanides |
| Natural toxicants of green potatoes skin | Contain solanine which is a narcotic that causes nausea, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness and paralysis |
| Delaney Clause | No substance known to cause cancer can be added to food |
| Margin of Safety | Zone between the amount used and the level on which harm exist |
| Some common food additives | Color, flavors, nutrients, preservatives, and thickeners |
| How salt and sugar prevent microbial growth? | By causing the movement of water to move out of the microbe |
| Nitrites and Nitrates | Preserve and enhance flavor, but can be converted into nitrosamines which can cause cancer; NO2 and NO3 |
| Sulfites | Cheap antioxidants, but can cause allergic reactions in some people |
| Chinese restaurants syndrome | Allergic reaction to MSG (flavor enhancer); cause headache, erythema and chest pain |
| Radiolytic products | Broken pieces of nutrients cause by radio-activating the food to preserve it |
| Incidental food additives | Not purposely added, occur during harvesting or processing; ex. bug bits or glasses |
| Transgenic | Individual that grow from an embryonic cell that had DNA inserted into it |
| Types of DNA inserted in Transgenic | Tolerance genes, growth genes, disease resistance, brighter color, and slow rotting |
| Surface Water | River and lakes |
| Ground Water | Taking from aquifer (underground rocks filled with water) |
| Hard Water | High in Ca and Mg |
| Soft Water | High in Na |
| Cleaning Process of Water Supply | Screen-> Sedimentation-> Activated sludge or trickling filter-> Treated w/ Cl, UV and O3(Ozone) |
| Bottled Water | Supposed to be regulated by FDA, but standards are not very strict |
Created by:
Futuredoctor09
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