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NSG Chapter 26 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anion | negatively charged ions |
| Cation | positively charged ions |
| Electrolyte | any compound that, when dissolved in H2O, separates into electrically charged particles, which are called ions |
| Colloid | macromolecules that are too large to pass through a cell membrane & do not readily dissolve into a solution, such as proteins |
| Colloid Osmotic Pressure | osmotic pressure exerted by large molecules, such as protein |
| Diffusion | a passive process by which molecules move through a cell membrane from an area of HIGHER concentration to an area of LOWER concentration without energy |
| Filtration | the passage of H2O & certain smaller particles through a semi-permeable membrane assisted by hydrostatic or capillary pressure |
| Hydrostatic Pressure | pressure exerted by the fluid within a compartment that results from the weight of the fluid. |
| Hypertonic | having an osmotic pressure GREATER than that of the solution to which it is being compared. |
| Isotonic | having an osmotic pressure EQUAL to that of the solution to which it is being compared |
| Hypotonic | having an osmotic pressure LESS than that of plasma (more H2O, less solute). |
| Metabolic Acidosis | a pathological condition caused by an increase in non-carbonic acids, a decrease in bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid, or both |
| Metabolic Alkalosis | a pathological condition caused by an increase in bicarbonate, a decrease in acid in the extracellular fluid, or both |
| Osmolality | the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water. |
| Osmolarity | the number of milliosmoles per liter of solution |
| Third Spacing | the movement of fluid into an area that makes it physiologically unavailable |
| Respiratory Acidosis | a state of having a pH of the blood that is LESS than normal (below 7.35) from respiratory causes; a result of the retention of CO2 , which is an acid, & a resultant decrease in pH. |
| Respiratory Alkalosis | a state of having a pH of the blood that is GREATER than normal (above 7.45) from respiratory causes; a result of rapid or excess elimination of CO2, resulting in an increase in pH with a decrease in the partial pressure of CO2, (PaCO2). |
| Polyuria | a large amount of urine, usually associated with diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus |
| Oliguria | a diminished, scanty amount of urine |
| Anuria | the absence of urine |
| Ascites | the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| Millequivalent | one thousandth of a chemical equivalent; the measurement used to express the chemical activity or combining power of an ion |
| Anasarca | severe generalized edema |
| Pleural Effusion | fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral & parietal pleura |
| Pericardial Effusion | fluid in the pericardial cavity, between the visceral & parietal pericardium |
Created by:
ehoskins
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