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Nutrition Quiz2
Cells, DNA and Proteins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where are proteins made? | ribosomes |
| How many protein structures are there? | four |
| How are proteins made? | transcription and translation |
| Are the amino acid structures different? | yes |
| What process in proteins causes proteins to lose there secondary and tertiary structure? | denaturation |
| How many different types of amino acids are there in proteins? | twenty |
| What is the process that revives proteins from there denatured state? | renaturation |
| network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and its involved many forms of cell movement | cytoskeleton |
| What is the function of a lysosome? | It breaks down lipids, carbs, and proteins so the cell can use them, removes waste from the cell. |
| The __________ is an organelle that uses instructions from DNA to make proteins. | ribosome |
| Cell Wall | A structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | A protective layer that covers the cell's surface and controls what moves in and out of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm aka cytosol | The fluid, jelly-like substance that fills the cell. |
| Nucleus | A large organelle in a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell's DNA/chromosomes/genetic material. |
| Chromosome | Structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells made of DNA. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The organelle that transports proteins around the cell. |
| Golgi | The organelle that packages proteins before they leave the cell. |
| How do you calculate your average minimum daily protein requirement? | 0.8 g protein per Kg of healthy body weight |
| How much of your diet should come from protein? | 10-35% |
| What kind of bond holds amino acids together? | Peptide bond. Dipeptide links two..tri...links three...poly...links several amino acids |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20. 9 essential and 11 non-essential |
| What is the only plant with complete protein? | Soy |
| What does AMDR abbreviate? | Acceptable Macronutrient Dietary Range |
| What forms a protein molecule structure? | Amino group, acid (carboxyl) group, a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side group "R"- all attached to a central carbon atom |
| What can change a proteins structure? | pH, temperature and mechanical energy |
| Name two protein deficiency disease. | Kwarshiokor and marasmus |
| How do you measure protein? | 4 Kcal per gram |
| What is a complete protein? | food that has enough of all 9 essential amino acids |
| What is an incomplete protein? | Food that lacks 1 or more of the nine essential amino acids |
Created by:
laurapalamara
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