Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 10 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earth system | all of the nonliving things, living things, and processes that make up the planet Earth, including the solid Earth, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere |
| geosphere | the mostly solid, rocky part of Earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust |
| hydrosphere | the portion of Earth that is water |
| cryosphere | one of Earth’s spheres that includes all of Earth’s frozen water, including glaciers, polar ice caps, and sea ice |
| atmosphere | the gaseous layer surrounding Earth |
| biosphere | the part of Earth where life exists; includes all of the living organisms on Earth |
| energy budget | a way to keep track of energy transfers into and out of the Earth system |
| air pressure | the force of air molecules pushing on an area |
| stratosphere | the layer of the atmosphere that is above the troposphere and in which temperature increases as altitude increases |
| temperature | the measure of how hot or cold something is |
| thermal energy | the total kinetic energy of a substance’s atoms |
| troposphere | the lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature decreases at a constant rate as altitude increases |
| ozone layer | the layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation |
| greenhouse effect | the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases absorb and reradiate thermal energy |
| mesosphere | the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases |
| thermosphere | the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases |
| thermal expansion | an increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance |
| heat | the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
| radiation | the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves |
| convection | the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat |
| conduction | the transfer of energy as heat through a material |
| wind | the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
| Coriolis effect | the curving of the path of moving objects from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation |
| global wind | the movement of air over Earth’s surface in patterns that are worldwide |
| jet stream | a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere |
| local wind | the movement of air over short distances; occurs where air pressure differs from place to place |
| ocean current | a movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern |
| surface current | a horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean’s surface |
| deep current | a streamlike movement of ocean water far below the surface |
| convection current | any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical |
| upwelling | the movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface |
Created by:
Magnus Allen
Popular Science sets