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Earth System
Unit 10 [lessons 1-5]
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earth System | All the parts of Earth and how they interact with each other |
| geosphere | The solid parts of Earth, like rocks, soil, and land |
| hydrosphere | All the water on Earth |
| cryosphere | All the frozen water on Earth, like ice and glaciers |
| athmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding Earth |
| biosphere | All living things on Earth |
| air pressure | The force of air pushing on a surface |
| thermosphere | A very high layer of the atmosphere where temperatures are very high |
| mesosphere | The layer of the atmosphere where most meteors burn up |
| stratosphere | The layer above the troposphere that contains the ozone layer |
| troposphere | The lowest layer of the atmosphere where we live and where weather happens |
| ozone layer | A layer of ozone gas that protects Earth from harmful UV radiation |
| greenhouse effect | The process where gases in the atmosphere trap heat near Earth |
| temperature | A measure of how hot or cold something is |
| thermal energy | The energy an object has because of the movement of its particles |
| thermal expansion | When something gets bigger because it is heated |
| heat | The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object. |
| radiation | The transfer of energy through waves |
| convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids, like liquids or gases |
| conduction | The transfer of heat through direct contact |
| wind | Moving air |
| Coriolis effect | The way Earth’s rotation makes moving air and water curv |
| global wind | Winds that move around Earth in large patterns |
| jet stream | A fast-moving band of air high in the atmosphere |
| local wind | Wind that happens over a small area because of differences in heating |
| ocean current | A continuous movement of ocean water |
| surface current | An ocean current that moves near the surface, mainly caused by wind |
| deep current | A movement of deep ocean water caused mainly by differences in temperature and density |
| convection current | A circular movement caused by warm material rising and cool material sinking |
| convection current | A circular movement caused by warm material rising and cool material sinking |
Created by:
Maria Alvarez
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