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Science Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happens to air when it is heated? | It becomes less dense and rises |
| What happens to air when it cools? | It becomes denser and sinks |
| Why does warm air rise? | Heating makes air less dense than the surrounding cooler air |
| What causes convection currents? | Uneven heating and cooling that cause density differences |
| A heater has arrows showing air rising and then circulating downward. What transfer is shown? | Convection |
| How is convection in a heater similar to convection in Earth's mantle? | Both involve material moving in convection currents due to temperature and density differences |
| What is conduction? | Heat transfer through direct contact |
| What is radiation? | Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves |
| Which type of heat transfer can occur through empty space? | Radiation |
| A metal spoon gets hot after sitting in hot soup. What transfer is this? | Conduction |
| The Sun warms Earth's surface. What type of heat transfer carries energy from the Sun? | Radiation |
| Why can sunlight heat Earth even though space is mostly empty? | Radiation does not require matter to transfer energy |
| Why does land heat faster than water? | Land generally changes temperature more quickly than water |
| During the day, which heats faster: land or ocean water? | Land heats faster |
| During the day, what happens to air above hot land? | It warms, becomes less dense, and rises |
| During a daytime sea breeze, which direction does cooler air move? | From the ocean toward the land |
| Why does cooler ocean air move toward land during the day? | Warm air rises over land, so cooler air moves in to replace it |
| What causes a sea breeze? | Land heats faster, causing warm air to rise and cooler ocean air to move inland |
| At night, which cools faster: land or ocean water? | Land cools faster |
| At night, which is warmer: the land or ocean water? | The ocean water is warmer |
| What happens to air above the warmer ocean at night? | It warms, becomes less dense, and rises |
| During a nighttime land breeze, which direction does air move? | From the land toward the ocean |
| What causes a land breeze? | Land cools faster, while warmer air over the ocean rises |
| What happens when warm air rises over the ocean at night? | Cooler air from over the land moves toward the ocean |
| Why does ocean water help moderate temperature changes? | Water heats and cools more slowly than land |
| What is the main energy source that drives many atmospheric convection currents? | The Sun's energy |
| How does convection occur in Earth's mantle? | Hotter, less-dense mantle material rises while cooler, denser material sinks |
| A diagram shows circular arrows of air around a heater. What should you identify? | A convection current |
| A heater can transfer heat by radiation, but its circulating air demonstrates what process? | Convection |
| What is the key difference between convection and conduction? | Convection involves movement of fluids; conduction transfers heat through contact |
| What is the key difference between convection and radiation? | Convection requires moving matter; radiation transfers energy by electromagnetic waves |
| In a convection cycle, what happens after warm material rises? | It cools, becomes denser, and sinks |
| Why does a convection current continue cycling? | Heating and cooling continually change the material's density, causing rising and sinking |
Created by:
SJ235
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