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bio.module2

definitions

QuestionAnswer
Saprophyte An organism that feeds on dead matter.
Parasite An organism that feeds on a living host.
Photosynthesis A process used by an organism to manufacture its own food using sunlight as a source of energy.
Chemosynthesis A process used by some organisms to manufacture their own food using certain chemicals as a source of energy.
Pathogen An organism that causes disease
Aerobic Organism An organism that requires oxygen.
Anaerobic Organism An organism that does not require oxygen.
Facultative Bacteria that are able to survive and grow in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
Binary Fission The splitting of a parent cell to produce two daughter cells.
Steady State A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born.
Exponential Growth Population growth that is unhindered because of abundant resources for an ever-increasing population.
Logistic Growth Population growth that is controlled by limited resources.
Conjugation A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer.
Plasmid A small circular section of DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main genetic code.
Transformation Transfer of a DNA segment from a non-functional donor cell, to a functional recipient cell.
Transduction The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another.
Endospore The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated in several hard layers.
Bacterial Colonies A simple association of single celled creatures where the individuals are still capable of surviving if separated from the colony.
Strains Organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits.
dessication The removal of water
Pasteurization A process developed by Louis Pasteur for removing bacteria from food using a heating/cooling process.
Phylum Gracilicutes Gram negative organisms.
Phylum Firmicutes Gram positive organisms.
Phylum Tenericutes Organisms that have no cell wall.
Phylum Mendosicutes Organisms that have exotic cell walls.
Hans Christian Gram Danish physician who developed the Gram stain in the late 1800's.
Created by: ElizaP
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