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CNA Preparation - 3
Exam 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| unconscious oral care procedure (1) | initial steps, drape pillow towel and under resident chin, turn onto unaffected side, don gloves, emesis basin under chin, dip swab in half mouthwash half water & change swab frequently |
| unconscious oral care procedure (2) | rinse with clean swab dipped in water, check MLTT for OCSBDL & report unusual findings, cover lips with moisturizer, doff gloves, final steps |
| how often should residents receive oral care | at least once a day but recommended more often |
| how often should denture care be performed? | at least daily |
| when not in use, how should dentures be handled? | carefully and in cool water in a labeled denture cup when not in use |
| denture care procedure (1) | initial steps, raise bed so resident sits up, don gloves, drape chin towel, remind resident of removal & remove (upper: up and down; lower: turn), put dentures in marked cup and take to sink |
| denture care procedure (2) | line sink with towel and fill half on warm, apply denture cleaner to toothbrush, over sink brush all surfaces, rinse under warm water & place in cool water, clean resident's mouth with swab & help rinse with water or diluted mouthwash |
| denture care procedure (3) | check MLTT for OCSBDL & report unusual findings, help replace dentures in mouth if requested & moisturize lips, doff gloves, final steps |
| do not use electric razor near what 3 things? | pacemaker-oxygen-water |
| which shaving procedure uses water & which uses shaving cream? | safety razor for both. electric razors don't go near water |
| electric razor procedure | initial steps, raise bed to sitting, do not use razor if near P-O-W, drape chin towel, don gloves, apply electric preshave, hold skin taut & shave, check for skin breaks & apply aftershave, remove towel, doff gloves, final steps |
| safety razor procedure (1) | initial steps, raise bed to sitting, fill bath basin half with warm, drape chin towel, don gloves, moisten beard w/ washcloth & apply shaving cream |
| safety razor procedure (2) | hold skin taut & shave, rinse resident face/neck with washcloth, pat dry, apply aftershave, remove towel, doff gloves, final steps |
| upon finishing procedure where should safety razor be placed? | sharps/biohazard container |
| how often is catheter care provided? | each shift |
| what 3 things should a catheter be checked for? | leakage, secretions, irritations |
| catheter care | gently wipe 4 inches of its tubing with wet soapy washcloth from point of insertion away form body, stabilizing tubing with non-dominant hand |
| clean catch urine specimen procedure (1) | initial steps, prepare label to put on container, don gloves, assist to toilet/offer bedpan/urinal, provide peri-care, ask to void w/o putting toilet paper in [catch midstream], assist with peri-care again & wash their hands & change gloves & hand wash |
| clean catch urine specimen procedure (2) | pour urine in bathroom into specimen half full, cover urine container & wipe with paper towel, specimen container in lab biohazard bag, discard excess urine & clean/disinfect equipment per facility, final steps |
| for female urine specimen collection, how should you clean the labia? | separate the labia and wipe from front to back along one side, discard used towelette and with new one wipe from front to back along other side, use one more towelette to wipe down middle |
| for male urine specimen colleciton, how should you clean the penis? | clean head of penis, using circular motions with the towelettes & change towelette after each motion. if male is uncircumcised, pull foreskin back before cleaning, hold it back during urination, and pull it down after |
| with a bedpan/fracture pan, should resident be turned toward you or away? | away, toward the opposite side rail |
| with a bedpan/fracture pan, should gloves be put on before or after obtaining bedpan? | before |
| when using a fracture pan (the flatter one), the handle should face which end of the bed? | handle toward feet |
| when using a regular bedpan, the narrow end should point toward which end of the bed? | narrow end toward feet |
| when using a bedpan/fracture pan, should the bed be flat or raised to sitting? | raised to increase pressure on bladder to encourage elimination |
| what is the maximum time to leave a resident on a bedpan? | 10 minutes |
| what does COCA stand for? | color, odor, character/istics, amount |
| changing gown procedure | initial steps, untie, raise top sheet, remove arms unaffected 1st, roll soiled gown & remove from beneath sheet & place into hamper, slide arms into clean gown affected first, tie, remove top sheet from beneath clean gown and cover resident, final steps |
| dressing dependent resident procedure (1) | initial steps, assist to choose clothing, resident on back, privacy/drape, guide feet through garments & pull up, slide arm into shirt affected side first |
| dressing dependent resident procedure (2) | turn onto unaffected side & pull lower garments on & tuck shirt under resident, turn onto affected side and pull garments on, turn resident onto back & slide arm into shirt/align/fasten, final steps |
| what does CSCS stand for? CCF? | color swelling cuts splits, clean-cut-file |
| abduction pillow procedure | initial steps, supine position & place pillow between legs & slide till touches legs all along, raise each leg by lifting under knee/ankle to bring straps under & around leg & secure straps to pillow, final steps, report resident intolerance or complaint |
| signs of pain | vitals change, n/v, tearful, frowning, sighing, moaning, groaning, heavy breathing or shortness of breath, restless or difficulty moving, holding/rubbing body, tightening jaw, grinding teeth, guarding |
| active ROM | movements of limbs and joints done by the resident themselves |
| O2 - role of CNA | CNAs cannot adjust level of O2, it is not OK to smoke where O2 is used or stored, tanks must be kept upright and handled with care |
| nasal cannula procedure | initial steps, gloves, remove cannula and clean nostrils with soft cloth or tissue ONCE/SHIFT/PRN, notify nurse if needed after skin check, replace cannula gently, doff gloves, final steps |
| dehydration signs | thirst, loss of appetite, dry skin, flushed skin, dark urine, dry mouth, fatigue, weakness, chills. advanced: incr. heart rate, incr. respirations, decr. urination, incr. temp, extreme fatigue, cramps, headaches, nausea |
| fluid balance | intake = output |
| phantom pain | sensation of pain in a limb that has been amputated due to remaining nerve endings, feeling like the limb is still there |
| NPO | nothing by mouth--residents with feeding tubes are often NPO (versus PO). do not give resident with tube anything to eat or drink without checking with nurse! |
| diabetic/fingernail care | initial steps, CSCS check & temp check & report unusual before continuing, raise bed to sitting, fill basin half warm & resident check, soak their hands & pat dry, gloves, clean under nails, clip straight across & file in curve, doff gloves, final steps |
| Why should toenails of diabetic resident only be trimmed by nurse? | Due to poor circulation, even a small sore on the foot can become a large wound |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| G-tube | aka PEG tube; a tube placed directly into stomach for feeding. these residents are often NPO |
| assist to eat procedure (1) | initial steps, ask about bathroom & wash hands, confirm diet/tray, confirm adaptive equipment, protect clothing per resident, assist w/ cartons & put food within reach & help season & cut up food etc, [clock description for blind] |
| assist to eat procedure (2) | watch to offer assistance, offer to assist in cleansing & remove protector, assist resident to room et al, final steps & measure INO |
| meal trays in hall | meal trays should not be carried further than 15 feet from cart unless entire tray is covered; doors to carts should be closed except when removing or returning trays |
| prosthetic devices include which devices? | hearing aids, eye prosthesis/artificial eye, eyeglasses, dentures |
| diet with food that is easily chewed and digested | soft diet |
| diet with soft, low-fiber foods that avoid spicy, alcohol or caffeine | bland diet |
| diet with little fat, especially saturated fat and cholesterol, indicated for good heart health | low fat diet |
| diet indicated for heart/kidney disease & pregnancy complications, no salt at table, milk/eggs/meat limited | low sodium diet |
| diet including juices, jello, broth, popsicles | liquid diet |
| diet indicated for people who do not have enough teeth or energy to chew thoroughly | mechanical soft diet |
| diet indicated for persons with extreme problems chewing/swallowing | pureed diet |
| back rub procedure | initial steps, lateral position facing away, expose back/shoulders, rub lotion in hands, strokes from butt toward shoulders (long/firm), downward circular strokes, repeat 3-5min, gently pat excess lotion w/towel & cover/position resident, final steps |
| technique used to allow residents to believe they live in past or imaginary circumstances w/o trying to enforce current reality | validation therapy--caregivers can direct conversation by talking about past life such as family relationships, careers, hobbies, etc. |
| technique that interjects time, place, person into conversation at every opportunity such as via clocks, calendars, signs | reality orientation |
| general term for inability to think, concentrate, reason, or remember clearly | cognitive impairment |
| seeing, hearing, smelling or feeling something that isn't real | hallucination(s) |
| thought or idea with no basis in reality | delusion |
| emotional state of excitement or restlessness | agitation |
| signs of agitation | pacing, rocking, staring, rigidity, clenched fists, threatening words/gestures, slamming doors, cursing, etc |
| true or false, patting or stroking may reassure some residents while having the opposite effect on others | true |
| when a resident is agitated, use what kind of command? | positive (not negative commands) |
| phenomenon that occurs in the evening when darkness arrives; increased signs and symptoms of dementia during hours of darkness | sundowning |
| a progressive, degenerative, irreversible disease caused by formation of tangled nerve fibers and protein deposits in the brain | Alzheimer's disease (AD) |
| stages of Alzheimer's (1) | 1. no impairment/normal function/no memory problems 2. very mild cognitive decline--familiar words forgotten or location of everyday objects 3. mild cognitive decline--friends/fam notice w/ noticeable problems coming up with right name or word |
| stages of Alzheimer's (2) | 4. moderate cognitive decline--when medical interview can detect clear symptoms 5. moderately severe decline--begins to need help with ADL (can't recall address, number, HS, college) |
| stages of Alzheimer's (3) | 6. severe decline--increasing help with ADL, yes to own name but not family/caregivers & dresses inappropriately, days and nights confused 7. maximum ADL assistance, abnormal reflexes and rigid muscles, swallowing difficulties |
| TED hose/ compression stockings procedure (1) | initial steps, skin check/notify nurse, apply before resident gets out of bed, hold heel of stocking & gather rest in hand turning hose inside out to mid foot area |
| TED hose/ compression stockings procedure (2) | support foot at heel and slip front of stocking over toes, foot, heel; pull stocking up till fully extended, smooth wrinkles/twisted areas, remove 2xs daily for skin care, final steps |
| what several things do TED hose/compression stockings do? | prevent swelling and blood clots, keeps blood from pooling in lower extremities |
| OCSBDL | "oral care should be done last" -- odor cracks sores blood discoloration loose teeth |
| hemiplegia | half/side paralysis |
| hemiparesis | half/side weakness |
| term for loss of speech | aphasia |
| expressive aphasia | loss of speech trying to express something, slow to speak or formulate sentences |
| receptive aphasia | slow to respond due to delay in processing what was said and how to respond |
| term for involuntary, uncontrollable repetition of the same word or phrase; often repeating what sb else just said | repetitive phrasing |
| apathy | lack of interest (often with social withdrawal, emotional flatness, poor motivation) |
| be familiar with list of 14 complications of IV therapy | bleeding/puffiness/redness at site, dressing is wet, hot/cold skin near site, pain/itching at site, fever, drop in BP, incr. heart rate, irregular pulse, cyanosis, mental status change, difficulty breathing, decreased output, chest pain, n/v |
| IV pump rules | never change flow rate or adjust any pump controls, never start/maintain IV infusions, never change IV solution containers, never administer IV drugs or blood |
| when should a CNA notify the nurse of an IV pump? | check flow rate with watch, notify if too fast/slow/no fluid, if blood is in tubing, if disconnected or wet, alarm sounds/container empty, complaints of pain/itching/discoloration, any infection signs (redness swelling pain) |
| other "never do these" for IV pumps | never disconnect IV or PICC line from pump, never lower bag below IV/PICC site, and DO NOT take BP in arm with IV/PICC |
| what's IV vs PICC? | standard peripheral IV is a short, temporary tube placed in a small vein for short-term, while a PICC line is a long, flexible catheter inserted into a peripheral arm vein and threaded up to a large central vein near the heart for long-term therapy |
| regurgitation vs emesis | regurgitation is effortless and passive backflow of contents from stomach while emesis (vomiting) is forceful and involuntary |
| defense mechanism used to reduce stress by transferring a strong negative feeling to something or someone else | displacement |
| defense mechanism that helps relieve stress by returning to an old, immature behavior | regression |
| defense mechanism that helps relieve stress by blocking painful thoughts or feelings from entering the mind | repression |
| defense mechanism that gives a reason or excuse for one's behavior rather than admitting responsibility | rationalization |
| defense mechanism by which someone refuses to accept or believe something that is unpleasant or threatening even though it is true or correct | denial |
Created by:
elianayu
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