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BALIC Grammar 1-11
BALIC Chapters 1-11 Grammar Sense 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CH 1 (FUNCTION): Contrast permanent situations/facts with temporary situations or habits. | Target: SIMPLE PRESENT vs. PRESENT CONTINUOUS | Ex 1: Lieutenant Miller lives in Texas, but he is staying in DC this week. | Ex 2: She works at base headquarters, but today she is working from home. |
| CH 1 (FIB): "He ________ (be) foolish today; he usually acts much more responsibly." | is being | Ex 1: Why is he being so argumentative during this brief? | Ex 2: Don't mind him; he is just being sarcastic. |
| CH 1 (ERROR): "Right now, I am owning three different motorbikes." | INCORRECT -> I own | Ex 1: She owns a house in San Antonio. | Ex 2: He belongs to the local cycling club. |
| CH 2 (FUNCTION): Express a repeated habitual past action or past state that is no longer true. | Target: USED TO / WOULD | Ex 1: We used to live in Germany when I was a kid. | Ex 2: Every summer, my granddaddy would take us fishing. |
| CH 2 (FIB): "They were driving to base when the storm ________ (hit) last night." | hit | Ex 1: I was reading when the lights went out. | Ex 2: She was sleeping when the phone rang. |
| CH 2 (ERROR): "Before the meeting started, we were playing cards for an hour." | INCORRECT -> had been playing OR played | Ex 1: Before the alarm went off, he was dreaming about beach trips. | Ex 2: While the general spoke, everyone took notes. |
| CH 3 (FUNCTION): Express a future prediction based on immediate, visible present evidence. | Target: BE GOING TO | Ex 1: Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain. | Ex 2: Watch out! That coffee cup is going to tip over. |
| CH 3 (FIB): "The official flight to Washington ________ (depart) at 0700 tomorrow morning." | departs | Ex 1: The store opens at 0800 sharp. | Ex 2: The train arrives at platform 4 at noon. |
| CH 3 (ERROR): "Look at the time! I will miss my bus!" | INCORRECT -> I am going to miss | Ex 1: Hurry up or we are going to be late. | Ex 2: Watch your step or you are going to fall. |
| CH 4 (FUNCTION): Express an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past. | Target: PRESENT PERFECT (INDEFINITE PAST) | Ex 1: I have visited Paris three times. | Ex 2: She has already met the new department commander. |
| CH 4 (FIB): "Lieutenant Davis ________ (work) for this agency since 2018." | has worked | Ex 1: We have lived in San Antonio for five years. | Ex 2: He has known the chief since childhood. |
| CH 4 (ERROR): "I have seen that action movie yesterday with my friends." | INCORRECT -> I saw | Ex 1: I saw that movie last night. | Ex 2: They completed the inspection yesterday. |
| CH 5 (FUNCTION): Emphasize the continuous duration of an activity that began in the past and continues up to now. | Target: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS | Ex 1: He has been reviewing those logs for three hours. | Ex 2: They have been building that hangar all summer. |
| CH 5 (FIB): "Your eyes look red; ________ (you / sleep) properly lately?" | have you been sleeping | Ex 1: Why are you out of breath? Have you been running? | Ex 2: Her hands are covered in grease; has she been working on the truck? |
| CH 5 (ERROR): "She has been knowing the captain for over ten years." | INCORRECT -> has known | Ex 1: I have known him since basic training. | Ex 2: They have owned that vehicle since 2015. |
| CH 6 (FUNCTION): Express an action completed prior to another specific action or time in the past. | Target: PAST PERFECT | Ex 1: By the time the ambulance arrived, the medics had stabilized the patient. | Ex 2: The train had left before we reached the station. |
| CH 6 (FIB): "The unit ________ (march) for four hours when the radio unit failed." | had been marching | Ex 1: She had been studying for hours when the power died. | Ex 2: They had been waiting in line before the doors opened. |
| CH 6 (ERROR): "After the general had spoke, the officers asked several questions." | INCORRECT -> had spoken | Ex 1: After he had finished speaking, we ate lunch. | Ex 2: She had already written the report before the deadline. |
| CH 7 (FUNCTION): Express strong certainty or logical deduction about a present situation based on evidence. | Target: MUST / HAVE TO / CAN'T | Ex 1: He hasn't eaten all day; he must be starving. | Ex 2: She isn't in her office; she must be in a meeting. |
| CH 7 (FIB): "You ________ (not / park) here; this spot is reserved for emergency vehicles." | aren't supposed to park / cannot park | Ex 1: Students are not supposed to leave the classroom without a pass. | Ex 2: You cannot enter the facility without ID. |
| CH 7 (ERROR): "Listen to that engine knock! It can be broken." | INCORRECT -> must be broken | Ex 1: That loud whistle means the kettle must be boiling. | Ex 2: He looks very young; he can't be the commander. |
| CH 8 (FUNCTION): Express past unfulfilled advisability or a regret about a past action. | Target: SHOULD HAVE / SHOULDN'T HAVE | Ex 1: I shouldn't have eaten that entire pizza at midnight. | Ex 2: The pilot should have double-checked the fuel gauge. |
| CH 8 (FIB): "He was not at the briefing; he ________ (must / sleep) through his alarm." | must have slept | Ex 1: The ground is soaked; it must have rained last night. | Ex 2: She failed the exam; she must not have studied. |
| CH 8 (ERROR): "The suspect couldn't bypassed the gate because his card was revoked." | INCORRECT -> couldn't have bypassed | Ex 1: He couldn't have stolen the truck; he was in custody. | Ex 2: You couldn't have seen her; she was out of town. |
| CH 9 (FUNCTION): Shift focus from the doer of an action to the receiver/object of the action in the present or past. | Target: SIMPLE PASSIVE (PRESENT/PAST) | Ex 1: The daily reports are reviewed every morning at 0800. | Ex 2: The hangar was built in 1942. |
| CH 9 (FIB): "Quiet, please! The critical procedures ________ (explain) right now." | are being explained | Ex 1: The vehicles are being inspected in the yard. | Ex 2: The house is being painted this week. |
| CH 9 (ERROR): "A major vehicle accident was happened on the highway during patrol." | INCORRECT -> happened | Ex 1: A funny thing happened at work yesterday. | Ex 2: The sudden blackout occurred at midnight. |
| CH 10 (FUNCTION): Express a future action that will be completed by an agent or system. | Target: FUTURE PASSIVE (WILL BE / IS GOING TO BE) | Ex 1: The old barracks are going to be torn down next year. | Ex 2: The new guidelines will be published tomorrow. |
| CH 10 (FIB): "All security passes must ________ (renew) before the end of the month." | be renewed | Ex 1: The damaged equipment must be replaced immediately. | Ex 2: The forms should be submitted by Friday. |
| CH 10 (ERROR): "Lieutenant Miller got fire after missing three mandatory shifts." | INCORRECT -> got fired | Ex 1: He got injured during night maneuvers. | Ex 2: The window got broken during the hailstorm. |
| CH 11 (FUNCTION): Express a purpose using an infinitive construction after a main verb. | Target: IN ORDER TO / INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE | Ex 1: He stopped at the gate to show his identification. | Ex 2: She bought a generator to power the tent during outages. |
| CH 11 (FIB): "We strongly recommend ________ (purchase) a backup battery for the unit." | purchasing | Ex 1: I suggest taking a quick break before night shift. | Ex 2: The doctor recommended avoiding greasy foods. |
| CH 11 (ERROR): "The guard refused letting the unverified vehicle pass through the gate." | INCORRECT -> refused to let | Ex 1: She agreed to help with the project. | Ex 2: He decided to stay on base this weekend. |
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