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Nature of science

TermDefinition
empirical evidence The observations, measurements , and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.
theory A system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.
law A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.
experiment An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.
hypothesis A testable idea or explanation that leads to a scientific investigation.
dependent variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables.
observation The process of obtaining information by using the senses;the information obtained by using the senses.
independent variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated.
data Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.
model A pattern, plan representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept.
engineering The application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems.
technology The application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools, machines ,materials, and processes to meet human needs.
Prototype A test model of a product.
trade-off The giving up of one thing in return for another, often applied to the engineering design process.
life cycle analysis The evaluations of the materials and energy used for the manufacture,transportation, sale,use, and disposal of a technology.
pugh chart A table used to compare the features of multiple items, such as technological products or solutions.
risk-benefit analysis The comparison of the risks and benefits of a decision or product.
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