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Nature of Science
Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| empirical evidence | Information game through direct observation, experimentation or using your five senses to test a scientific idea |
| theory | Well tested, broad explanation for a wide range of natural phenomena that is supported by a massive body of evidence |
| law | Short statement or math rule that describes a repeating pattern or event in nature |
| experiment | Structured, empirical procedure used to test any hypothesis arbitrate between competing models, or discover an unknown relationship by manipulating variable under controlled conditions. |
| hypothesis | A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation |
| dependent variable | another name is outcome variable is the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables. |
| data | any factual information such as numbers, measurements, or observations collected through research and experiments to test ideas and form conclusions |
| independent variable | another name is test variable is the factor that is deliberately manipulated in an investigation |
| observation | is the process of obtaining information by using the senses |
| model | can be a visual or mathematical representation of an object or system |
| engineering | the use of scientific and mathematical knowledge to solve practical problems |
| technology | the use of tools, materials, or processes to meet human needs |
| prototype | special models built to test a product |
| trade-off | accepting risks in exchange for benefits or giving up one benefit to gain another |
| Risk benefit analysis | compares the risks, or unfavorable effects, to the benefits, or favorable effects, of a decision or technology |
| Lifecycle analysis | an evaluation of the materials and energy used for manufacture, transportation, sale, use, and disposal of a product |
| Pugh chart | a table used to compare the features of multiple items |