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HGE
from CE REF
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the elastic tendency of liquids which makes them acquire the least surface area possible. It is responsible, for example, when an object or insect such as | Surface Tension |
| the ratio between the volume of water and the volume of voids. | Degree of Saturation |
| the ratio between the volume of void and the volume of the soil mass | Porosity |
| the ratio between the weight of water and the weight of solid particles | Moisture Content |
| who states the law of buoyancy | Archimedes |
| a flow in which the velocity of the fluid at a particular fixed point does not change with time. | Steady Flow |
| is the component of shear strength of a rock or soil that is independent of interparticle friction. | Cohesion |
| a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. | Liquefaction |
| a pile of sand keeps from spreading out like a liquid because the weight of the sand keeps the grains stuck together in their current arrangement, mostly out of static friction. This weight and pressure called __ | Effective Stress |
| not a soil component | Gas (Note: Components of soil are organic materials, minerals, etc.) |
| -a practice procedure used to assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material. The size distribution is often called of critical importance to the way the material performs in use. | Sieve Analysis |
| according to USCS, is a soil grain with grain size greater than 4.75 mm but less than 75 mm. (75 mm > 4.75 mm) | Gravel |
| particles of rock will not pass a 12 in (200 mm). (200 mm < …) | Boulders |
| particles of rock that will pass a 12in (300 mm) square opening and be retained on a 3in (75 mm). (300 mm > 75 mm) | Cobble |
| (75 mm > 19 mm) passes 3in (75 mm) sieve and retains ¾in (19 mm) sieve. What aggregate | Coarse Aggregate |
| (19 mm > 4.75 mm) passes ¾in (19 mm) sieve and retains No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve. What aggregate | Fine Aggregate |
| ____ affects the settlement of footing. | - Location of GWT - depth of backfill - plasticity of soil |
| when the path lines of the individual particles of a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually cross each other and form a complicated network. | Turbulent |
| a line joining the points of highest elevation of water in a series of vertical open pipes rising from a pipeline in which water flows under pressure. | Hydraulic gradient |
| a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change) is referred to in hydraulics. | Water Hammer |
| - a cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined compression strength in kPa. | 0 to 24 |
| temperature at which liquid water has the highest density. | 4 C° |
| a principle of mechanics that the pressure exerted onto a liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished to all portions of the liquid. | Pascals |
| a principle that in any stream flowing steadily without friction the total energy contained is the same at every point in its path of flow. | Bernoulli |
| No. ___ is for determining the atterberg limit which is the plastic and liquid limits, the soil sample must pass through 0.425 mm sieve. | No. 40 |
| Easy to compact, high shear strength and prone to settlement due to vibrating load are the characteristics of ___ | cohesionless soil |
| In standard penetration tests, medium dense sand has a number of blows of __ to ___ | 10 to 30 |
| The_____ of a soil increases with increase in normal stress. | shear strength |
| ____ test acts on all plane axes except x and y axis. | Triaxial shear test |
| In what plan is the additional stress (deviator stress) can affect the shear stress? | Horizontal |
| ___ is a test not performed in a laboratory. | Vane Test |
| In AASHTO, soil greater than 75mm is classified as | cobbles |
| In 1.3cNc + qNq + 0.4BɣNɣ, Nc, Nq and Nɣ are function of __ | angle of friction |
| When molecules get attracted to others it is called __ | cohesion |
| Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium? | Above center of gravity. |
| If the volume of voids is equal to the volume of solids, what is the porosity and void equal to respectively? | 0.5 and 1.0 |
| The ______ of a cohesionless soil is proportional to the tangent of the angle of shearing resistance. | shear strength |
| The intensity of vertical stress at a depth due to a point load acting on the surface of a semi infinite elastic soil mass is __ | directly proportional to the square of depth |
| When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in ___ | unstable equilibrium. |
| The metacentric height is the distance between the ___ | center of the gravity of the floating body and the metacenter |
| ______ on piles caused by soft clay, decreases the pile capacity and due to relative settlement of soil. | Negative skin friction |
| __ of liquid does not vary on any other planet. | Specific weight |
| In civil engineering, soil is a __ | structural material or uncemented aggregate. |
| The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called __ | specific weight |
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