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Nature of science

Unit 1

TermDefinition
Empirical evidence Observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.
Law A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.
Theory The explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning; that is supported by a large quantity of evidence; and that does not conflict with any existing experimental results or observations.
Experiment An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.
Hypothesis A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.
Dependent variable A scientific investigation, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more independent variables.
Observation The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.
Independent variable In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated .
Data Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.
Model A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept.
Engineering The application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems.
Technology The application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools,machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs.
Prototype A test model of a product
Trade-off The giving up of one thing in return for another, often applied to the engineering design process
Risk-benefit analysis The comparison of the risks and benefits of a decision or product
Life-benefit analysis The evaluation of the materials and energy used for the manufacture, transportation, sale, use, and disposal of a technology.
Pugh chart a table used to compare the features of multiple items, such as technological products or solutions
Created by: Gerald Bataille
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